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AIR SERVICE INFORMATION CIRCULAR
Vol. V
(AVIATION)
PUBLISHED BY THE CHIEF OF AIR SERVICE, WASHINGTON, D. C.
March I , 1923 No. 404
AIRWAYS AND LANDING FACILITIES
Prepared in the Airways Section
Training and War Plans Division
Office of Chief of Air Service
Washington, D. C .
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1923
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CERTIFICATE: By direction of the Secretary of War the matter contained herein
is published as administrative information and is required for the proper transaction
of the public business.
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AIRWAYS AND LANDING FACILITIES?<:;;:A\\~
The information contained in this circular is published
for the use of pilots of aircraft, and corrections and additions
are invited because of the extreme importance of having
information of this nature published in an accurate manner.
This can be effected only through the cooperation of all
flyers, whether in military, naval, commercial, or private
activities, in rendering correct and adequate information
on each facility with which they are familiar. The office
of the Chief of Air Service will gladly furnish proper forms
for the reporting of this information.
Information contained herein has been obtained not
only from the various Army Air Service activities but also
through the cooperation of aviators throughout the
country, and general reports have been received particularly
from the Bureau of Aeronautics of the Navy Department,
from the Marine Corps, the Post Office Department,
and a number of commercial organizations.
AIRWAY PLANS FOR THE UNITED STATES.
1. The problem of airway development in the United
States has assumed such proportions that it is now necessary
to formulate plans for the development and expansion
of these routes. With this idea in view, there is now
being established an airway between New York city,
Washington, D. C., Norfolk, Va., Dayton, Ohio, Detroit,
Mich., and Rantoul, Ill., which it is anticipated will
serve as a model for the creation of other airways that are now
planned. This model route is about 830 miles long and
traverses territory of such varied characteristics as to enable
the collection of data which will prove to be fundamental
in the extension of this work, and, incidentally, it connects
the office of the Chief of Air Service with the Engineering
Division, Air Service, at Dayton, Ohio. These airways
will be open, under proper control, to any operators or
owners of aircraft.
2. The following is an outline of the general organization
for an airway:
(A) Towns 200 miles apart will be designated as main
stations and should have the following equipment:
1. A municipal landing field adequate for tho
needs of all types of airplanes and for the
use of all operators, commercial, ,Government,
and private.
2. Markers-
(a) White circle . 100 feet in diameter
with a band 4 feet wide, to be placed
in the center of landing field, with
direction markers for landing.
(b) International identification markers
should be placed in northwest corner
of landing field. They should also
be placed on the right-hand side of
every railroad track where it enters
the town.
3. Communication station, which shall. include
radio, telegraph, telephone, and directionfinding
apparatus.
4. Meteorological station, which will forecast and
record weather conditions, wind directions,
and · velocities at different levels, disseminating
the above information to flyers along
the route.
5. Hangars, gas and oil filling station, and repair
shop.
6. Small rest hut, equipped with telephone and
toilet facilities.
(B) Towns 100 miles apart will be designated as 1mb-atations
and should have the following equipment:
1. Landing fields. ·
2. Markers (same as all landing points).
3. Wireless station.
4. Hangars, gas and oil filling station, and repair
shop.
5. Small rest hut equipped with telephone and
toilet facilities.
(C) Towns 25 miles apart will be designated as intermediate
stations and should have the following
equipment:
1. Landing fields.
2. Markers (same at all landing points).
(D) All other towns of importance (this shall particularly
include county seats, railroad centers, junctions and
intersections), lying on either side of the airway and
within a radius of 20 miles should have the international
identification marker or some other mark
of identification (see Marking of Airways, p. 9).
NoTE.-The exact location of main stations and substations
will often vary, d·epending upon the nature of the
country and other existing conditions. It will also be
impractical in certain parts of the country to have a landing
field every 25 miles.
3. As these airways are for the use of all operators or
owners of aircraft, the various municipalities should establish
and maintain the landing fields, because the benefits
derived therefrom accrue directly to the local community.
The local National Guard and the Reserve units should
train on these fields.
4. The Boy Scouts organization, which is cooperating
with the Air Service, will be asked to construct the international
identification marker, emergency field markers,
and submit monthly reports on emergency landing field
conditions, guard wrecked planes, and generally assist
aviators in trouble.
5. These airways will promote commercial aviation, be
an important transportation factor in the progress of civilization,
and be available for national defense. The Air
Service, in acting in an advisory capacity, merely essays
to provide information through its fund of experience, so
that the establishment and organization of fields and
markers may be systematic and uniform throughout.
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PROPOSED
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AIRWAYS SYSTEMS
RC:VISED TO o t c. 1, ,,.z z..
,-,
;-- -- -- --- -- -- ---- - --:- - - - _1 \ __
F IG. l.
OF THE UNITED STATES
HOW AN AIRPORT SHOULD BE BUILT.
1. Whether the importance of a community warrants
the building of a thoroughly modern air terminal, or
whether a minor airport will satisfy its needs or be within
its financial resources, it is essential for the success of
air navigation that all airports conform in certain particulars
to a given standard. This standard has been
worked out in specifications which follow.
I. LOCATION.
The location of an airport should be so selected as to
bring it within reach of ground transportation facilities,
for the aerial transportation of passengers and merchandise
is closely interlinked with these conveyers of commerce.
The site should be capable of expansion in case of future
necessity.
II. SIZE.
While the size of airports depends upon many problems
peculiar to each city, there is a minimum size for airport.
a which are intended to take care of all types of airplanes
and airships used to-day, now under construction,
or contemplated, under all conditions of traffic and
weather. This minimum size should allow a clear,
unobstructed area of about 2,700 feet along the direction
of the prevailing wind, if not in all directions. Such a
field would allow a moderate insurance of airplanes and
property in the case of engine failure on take-off. Smaller
fields, allowing about 1,800 or 2,100 feet of unobstructed
area, will permit the average pilot, in any present type of
airplane, to land and take-off without difficulty, provided
no engine failure occurs. The dimensions given may
seem excessive, and many planes have landed safely and
operated from smaller fields. However, the point to be
considered is the saving of life and property.
The usefulness of small fields is determined by the
presence or absence of obstacles around the field which
prevent a clear approach for landing. An obstacle about
100 feet high, for instance, would make at least 700 feet
of a landing field unavailable for landing. Thus, the
available length of the runway should be computed by
subtracting seven times the height of obstacles that
materially obstruct the approach to a landing field from
the total length or breadth of the field.
III. SHAPE.
It must be borne in mind that airplanes and airships
must be landed heading directly into the wind. Thus,
the best shape for a landing field is, roughly, a square, in
that it allows landing or taking-off in any direction.
"L" shape and rectangular fields are only slightly less
useful, mainly because they restrict to a certain degree
the number of angles of possible approach for landings.
(See sketch.)
IV. CHARACTER OF GROUND.
The ground should be firm under all weather conditions,
sodded if poBBible on account of the dust, which is not only
disagreeable but injurious to the working parts of the
motor. The surface should be level and fairly smooth.
Ditches or deep furrows will cause considerable damage
if not wreck an airplane.
V. APPROACHES.
Obstacles surrounding fields, such as high buildings,
telephone and telegraph or high-tension transmiBBion
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lines, trees, etc., very materially decrease the amount of
landing runway, as shown in preceding paragraphs.
Where only trees or telegraph lines obstruct the approaches
trees can be cut down and telegraph lines placed underground
in conduits.
VI. MARKINGS.
When a field has l:ieen set aside and been inspected by
a pilot, preferably an Army Air Service pilot, familiar
with the requirements of modern types of airplanes, it
should be marked with a landing circle, this marker to be
placed in the center of the landing area. It should be a
large white circle, 100 feet in diameter, with a band 4 feet
wide, constructed so as to be flush with the ground , so
that in no way will it interfere with the rolling of an airplane
over it. These circles can be best constructed by
digging a shallow trench about 4 to 6 inches deep, and
filling with crushed stone or other material. Planking
can also be used. The circle should always be kept white
with lime or some other compound for thi.s purpose.
( See sketch.)
Within the landing circle, direction landing markers
should be placed to show the best runways and approaches
for landing and taking-off. These markings should consist
of panels, 15 feet long by 3 feet wide, and should parallel
the direction of the least obstructed approaches. They
should be flush with the surface of the ground, so as not
to obstruct the rolling of an airplane over them. They
also should be kept white with lime or some other material.
(See sketch.)
The international identification marker should be placed
in the northwest corner of the field. (See attached
specifications and sketch.)
All markings should be kept white, so as to be seen
easily at a great distance in the air.
A wind indicator, such as the standard wind cone,
should be placed in one corner of the field, about 30 feet
off the ground, or on the hangar if there is one.
At fields where the wind direction indicator has not been
erected, a cloth "'l"' should be placed on the field to
indicate the direction of the wind. This "T" should
be made of strips of cloth, approximately 3 feet wide by
15 feet in length. The top of the "T" is to be placed
directly across the path of the wind. · The lower part of
the " T " should parallel the direction of the wind in
the direction in which it is blowing, so that a plane about
to land will hind from the bottom of the "T " toward the
top, or directly into the wind. A smudge fire is also a
very excellent type of wind indicator.
VII. ACCOMMODATIONS.
An airport should have communication by telephone
with nearest city or town, transportation facilities, gasoline,
oil, and sundry supplies. Hangars and shops will
be needed as the use of the field develops.
REPORTING OF INFORMATION ON LANDING
FACILITIES.
A form of questionnaire and sketch sheet for the reporting
of information on landing facilities has been prepared
in the Airways Section of the office of Chief of Air Service
and is available for distribution to pilots desiring to report
information.
A questionnaire on College Park follows, properly filled
out as a guide in the accomplishing of questionnaires for
forwarding to the Airways Section.
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FOUR TYPES Of IDEAL LANDING FIELDS
TYP~ A TYPE. B TYPE C TYPE D
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FIG. 1 FIG.3 FIG. 4.
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Tllese mar/r inys sbovlo' be rectcmr;v/or III shape q11o' ol' about file some clime11sio11s os s/Jow11 In above .sire le/Jes, rifvres ./,c. 3,_ 4.
Tile Ion; ,ues o/'t/Je markermvsl'jJarrelle/ rile direction ol' l'llervnwa_ys in tile direction a/'/'ardi/f.9 t/JeJeasr abstrvctecl lcmd111q -See
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d1rect1on mar/re rs are ClfJ.fJrO)(/mate 31"!: w1tle a!J(f 15 n. lon_y.
2;:i;:;7 f11femq/hnol /cle11fil'ict1th11
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in ceoter or l'ielc/ Concrete
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OIi(/ /'/vs// will; ~ rvnwo/ /'or
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wet weofl!er
ma/res /ono'in(j anti fqk1n; q//" o/
llir_p/qnes ttonyerovs on accovnrotmvd
Wind Ind/color: Such os o .Shno'oro'
/Motion Wiml CMe jJ/17cecl in one
d corner ol l'ielo', ,orerera/J(y 1717 r nonyer 1/ !'here 1:S ·one.
F16. 5.
Coacrete or cinder rvowsv OS sllow11 in rtjwe 5 , /'or SfVt1re /'le/(/, IS t1clvocatecl /'or
11/rtlrom_es wher_e llet1'7 rQ1n or snow m_olre_ rle/t/ so mui:io)' t/Jt1t tile lcmdia-9 ond falo'nq of'/
ol on 01r,1J,lone 1s llozordovs a11cl ltoiJ/e To resvlf 10 clomQr;e to ;01a11e. Tile rvnwo/.s s/(o(J/d
fJt1rrol/e/ file a'trecflolj of' the fire Poi/ill(/ wl/ltls flrl7Yia'ec/ !lits orrqn..1eme11t is com,.oarible
Mf// tile s/Jaf'e ol' tile l'leltl oml the tl,PfJfOQC/l /'or !omlilll/ cmd lt11'e o/'/' I/Jvs incllca'/ecl /s
t:1//er tl;e leost obs/ructetl orea T/J/s Q/'/'/ce doe.s- /l(l/ t1d'v1:Se e..fpe11,s1',,e CQllSfr(lcfion o/' tills
kine/ U/lless /Ile Clmtll//lT(lf trafl'/c will worrClll/ /Ile oul/oy. Tile cMs/r(lcf1on or r(lmvars
/'Qr cli/'/er en f .silo, oecl /le Ids_ w 1'/I (jerle roI !J' /'ollo w /.1e same pri11cipoI o /', Position, a If/ /011_1.!J ol
covrse o/' mvc/7 l<1rfer !°r17,oorf10/!s, Mot /S sllawn /'or c/;i-ec /;01717)01:kers /'or /011cliy. -i/l
r:,vres 1,Z,3, 4. T//'ese rvtlWQfS .5/lov/q' /Jeabovt 1.50'/oty ancl .5CJ'wicle.
tln1~rover/Loao'ir fqc1!tlies- r1r;wes .l,2,3, 4, s/Jaw c/;'meoskJl7S for only /'otir ly;0es of
idea/ /011/n(j f'/eldS (J/1 Sllou/t/ 0//lO ll7e0/lS be C?CCe/J/et/ ClS tile 0/'l(r /yfl6 or /'/e/c/ //Jq/ C0/1
/Je .11sed. Tl!ese ore clrt1w/l /q .s/Jow /he maximum re9vlrements tor t7'?)' /!resent (7!7'/t7/le
l'vlly /clatletl t111a' /Q ,s/Jow re9viremen/s !"or /Jl7ss1'/Jle vse os hill/er ,fl;q17 oir s/a/hns. l117J
tJeltl tllt1/ llos o /'t1ir(/. smoo/'ll t7no' /en: I svrlt1ce /lOI ob.sr~ucret/ LJ_ y di/c/Jes over s1~ inc/Jes
cletjo, c/eor o( o/Jslt1cles, will! a /Jard sur!'Clce, _wifll tlJJfJ(OX/matrly 1.5{!0 ff IJ7 600/'t or mt?.re
CQ/7 /Je consideretl a J/eQ'_ vse/u/1 h11tl111q /'/eltl, fl_/o'nclecl ///$'170/ svrrovncletl b_y ll,j/J
o/;s/acles wl!/cll 17/Js/rucr t1 clear t7;0,Prof1'cll /'or 7011cl11J or la/re o/'( .
FIG.2.
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WAR DEPARTMENT,
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF AIR SERVICE,
W ABBINGTON.
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR LANDING FIELDS.
Date: February 10, 1921.
(PleBSe use separate questiohairre for each landing field reported upon.)
1. Landing facilities at: College Park, Md., near Washington, D. C.
2. Local name of field: College Park Aviation Field.
3. Latitude: 39.58. Longitude: 76.58.
4. Name of owner: Aquarium Fuheries Co., Edwin A. Newman, Pres.
5. Address of owner: 4205 8th St. NW., Washington, D. C.
6. Name of organization operating field: U.S. Post Office Dept.
7. Names and addresses of officials: Carl F. Egge, Supt. of Air Mail Servwe, Post Office Dept., Washington, D. C.
8. Names and addresses of commercial aeronautical firms operating from field: None.
9. Names and types of airplanes being operated from field: DH4 converted mail planes; Martin bombers.
10. Names and addresses of civic officials interested: Postmaster, College Park, Md. .
11. Names and addresses of person or persons with whom to communicate for information: Mr. Edwin A. Newman,
4205 8th ·st. NW., Washington, D. C., or Supt., Aerial Mail Station, College Park, Md.
12. Are facilities open to all pilots and commercial firms? Yes. If not, what arrangements must be made to use
field? Owner intends to lease or rent hangars and use of ffeld not being used by the Post Office Dept., whwh only
rents one hangar.
13. Will this field be available for an indefinite period for landing field purposes? Yes. If not, for what period or
periods, as in the case of a tillable field: --.
14. What are the shape and dimensions of field in feet, with reference to directions? Field i,s roughly a rectangle about
3,200 feet long by 1,200 feet wide at the widest point. (See sketch.)
15. What is the general contour of field? Field i,s very level, though soft on eastern edge.
16. What is the general condition of surface and drainage? Field i,s 40 to 50 feet above tidewater and drains well.
(a) Kind of soil: Gravel and sand subsoil.
(b) Sodded or not: Partially.
(c) General condition after heavy rains: Good after rain; hard.
17. Is field so located that it is liable to be flooded by high water? No. What time of year? --.
18. What is the altitude above sea level? About 60 feet.
19. What is the direction of the prevailing winds? Northwest and southwest.
20. What are the general meteorological conditions? Same as Washington.
(a) During what seasons do fogs and low clouds prevail? Late fall and early spring.
(b) During what seasons does rains prevail? Late fall, winter, spring.
(c) During what seasons does clear weather prevail? Spring, summer,fall.
21. Is shelter for airplanes available? Yes. If yes, what type? 4 good hangars (wood).
22. Give condition and description of roads and transportation facilities to and from nearest city or town: Good Stau
road from Washington to College Park. Good road from State road to field now under construetion. Trolley line
to Washington. B. & 0. Railroad runs past field.
23. Are there engineering facilities, such as garages, machine shops, etc., on or near field where machine work can be
done? Aerial mail conducts machine shop, garages, etc. Hyattsville 2 miles distant; has machine shops,
garages, etc.
24. Give names and addresses of any firms or individuals who are" familiar with aircraft and aircraft motors iri vicinity:
Post Office Dept. has mechanics on field.
25. Where are the nearest telephone, telegraph, and radio facilities to field? Nearest telephone, on field; nearest telegraph,
Hyattsville, Md.; nearest radio f aeilities, post office radio on field.
26. Are high-test gasoline and high-grade oil available in quantity? Yes. Will same have to be ordered in advance?
It i,s best to notify Mr. Newman.
27. Please give a general description of the surrounding country, giving location of obstacles on, adjacent to, or in the
vicinity of the field: The surrounding country is generally flat to.south and west of field and gently rolling to the
north; B. & 0. Railroad to Washington and Baltimore runs west of field; four lakes are due north of field; Hyattsville
is about 2 miles southwest of field; telegraph wires along B. & 0. track, west of field; some few trees and farm
buildings southwest corner of field. (See sketch.)
(Signature) EDWIN A. NEWMAN.
l'res.,
AQUARIUM FISHERIES Co.,
4105 8th St. NW., Wa,hington, D. C.
Phone: Adams 918.
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Please read instructions below carefully. Landmarks and obstacles are especially important .
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In the above square, or on a similar sheet, please draw a rough .sketch of landing field, giving sufficient data to
complete a finished sketch of same in this office. · ·
Data necessary ~ · complete sketch: .
1. General shape, giving dimensions in feet with reference to cardinal points of compass ..
2. Obstructions in field, such as fences, ditches, trees, rough places, buildings, etc.
3. Obstacles around border of field, such as telephone, telegraph, or high-tension lines, trees, towers, buildings,
radio towers, wate~ towers, smokestacks, high hills or bluffs, etc., that wou,d interfere with approach to _landing.
4. Position of hangars, gasoline station, .wind cone, etc., if field is equipped.
5. Location of best runway on field for landing.
6. Location of any special field markings, such as identification markers or landing "T's," etc.
7. Show prominent local landmarks that can easily be seen from the air, such as race tracks, golf courses, baseball
parks, water towers, and large plant.a.
8. Show prominent landmarks in vicinity that can be easily identified on Rand McNally or Post Office maps,
, such as cities, or towns, rivers, canals, and railroads, giving distance and direction from them.
The Airways Section of the office of Chief of Air Service; pilot.a. This form will be followed in the publication of
upon receipt .of questionnaires properly filled out, pre- loose-leaf sheets on each landing facility by the Governpares
a "Standard Sketch and Informat,ion Sheet" upon ment Printing Office, in the form of "Aeronautical Bullethe
facility, and the form of this sheet, which follows; is tins," to be available to all flye~s-in the near future.
used for the making of i::opies to be furnished various
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City and State:. College Park, Md.
Local name of field: Government, P. 0.
Date of report: February 10, 1922.
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FIG. 4.
Owner or operator: Aquarium Fisheries Co., E. A. Newman, Pres.
Address: 4205 8th St. NW., Washington, D. C .
. Period of availability: Indefinite.
Condition in wet weather: Good.
Altitude above sea leve.l: 40 or 50 ft.
General weather conditions: --Accommodations:
All accommodations.
Supplies: Available.
Dealers: ---
Condition of roads: Excellent.
Landmarks: See sketch.
Nearest telephone facilities: On field.
Nearest telegraph facilities: Hyattsville, Md.
Nearest radio facilities: On field.
Weather reports available at: Washington, D. C.
Latitude and longitude: 38° 581
; 76° 581
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Remarks: Air-mail field. In constant use for ten years. All obstructions removed. For further information communicate
with owner.
In like manner seaplane facilities are reported on the form as follows, which may be a guide in the reporting
of these facilities to this office:
WAR DEPARTMENT,
OFFICE OF THE CfilEF OF AIR SERVICE,
WASHINGTON.
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR SEAPLANE FACILITIES.
(Please use separate questionnaire for each site reported upon.)
1. Landing facilities at: Aeromarine Plane & Motor Co., Keyport, Ne:w Jersey.
2. Latitude: 74° 131
• Longitude: 39° 271 •
3. What are the general meteorological conditions? ---
( a) During what seasons do fogs and low clouds prevail? Fall.
(b) During what seasons does rain prevail? Spring.
(c) During what seasons does clear weather prevail? Summer.
(d) During what seasons does high winds prevail? Early spring.
Date: March 17, 1922.
4. What is the exact position of landing area with respect to prominent objects on shore or in water, such as lighthouses,
bridges, large buildings, piers, and docks? Good landing area north of town of Keyport and west of
aeromarine factory .
5. What are the dimensions of landing area, the length and width of clear runways? North and south 4 miles east,
and west 1 mile in Keyport Harbor.
6. What is the direction of runways with respect to the cardinal points of the compass? Good in all directions _at high tide.
At low tide boats drawing over 2611 should land in channel marked by can buoys running northeast' and southwest.
7. Direction of prevailing winds? West and northwest. ·, ·
8. Obstructions in runways, flotsam, etc. No obstructions other than mudflats mean low tide. No submerged object,.
9. Proximity of fish stakes, anchorage for small craft, buoys, etc. No fish stakes. Can buoys in channel. Moorings
for seaplane marked with white cork buoys lying east of channel.
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IO. Ia landing area sheltered? Sheltered on east, west, and aouth.
11. Velocity of wind at which landing is pOBBible? 60 M. P . H. F5L type machine.
12. Landmarks, such as beacons, lighthouses, Coast Guard stations, which might aid in the identification of runways?
Town of Keyport and aeromarinefactory. Mark areomarine 15' x SOO', painted in white letters on roof of factory
building.
13. le anchorage sheltered? Sheltered from rough water.
14. Depth of water at mean low tide? At anchorage 5'.
15. Does muddy water at any time make any dangerous submerged object invisible or difficult to locate from above?
No hidden obstruction,.
16. Rise and fall of tide? 5ft. Sin.
17. Current: No bad currents.
18. Type of bottom: Sand and mud; no rocka. Beach and woorie:n runway aeromarine factory at high tide.
19. Is beach suitable for beaching purposes? At·high tide.
20. During the winter does ice materially interfere with operations? Bay frozen during cold spelts.
21. Are seaplane facilities available-docking ramps, hangars, shops, mooring buoys, small boats, etc.? Yes, including
up-to-date land and sea fueling barge equipped with long gasoline hose pump and 400 gallons of fuel. Mobik B
and Liberty aero oil always available.
22. Are high-test gasoline and high-grade oil available in quantity? Yes.
23. Is fresh water available in quantity. Yes.
24. What facilities are available for refueling of seaplanes-gasoline and oil-filling stations on docks, etc.? 26' x 14'
barge so anchored as to always head into wind. Seaplane can tie up to stern of barge.
25. Are small boats available for passenger-carrying and refueling purposes? Yes; power boats and row boats.
26. Available repair shops, garages, machine shops, etc.? Aeromarine Plane & Motor Co.
27. Name and address of owner or operator: A eromarine Plane & .Motor Co., Keyport, N. J.
28. Are facilities open to all pilots and commercial firms? Yes. If not, what arrangements must be made for use?
If landing on holidays or Sundays advance information is advisable.
29. Names and addresses of civil authorities interested: Aeromarine Plane & Motor Co., Keyport, N. J.
30. Names and addresses of person or persons with whom to communicate for further information: Aeromarine Plane &
Motor Co., Keyport, N. J.
31. Names and addresses of firms or individuals familiar with aircraft and aircraft motors m vicinity: Aeromarine Plane
and Motor Co., Keyport, N. J.
32. Names and addresses of dealers handling high-test gasoline and high-grade oil: Aeromarine Plane & Motor Co.,
Keyport, N. J.
33. Where are the nearest telephone, telegraph, and radio facilities to anchorage? Aeromarine Plane & Motor Co. 200
ft. from anchorage.
34. Please give a general description of the surrounding country, giving location of obstacles adjacent to or in vicinity
of anchorage: Aeromarine station lies at the head of Raritan, 4 miles southeast from South Amboy, 4 miles south
of Princess Bay, Staten Island. and 10 miles southwe,st of Sandy Hook, fifteen minutes by seaplane to The Narrows.
(Signature) AEROMARINE PLANE & MOTOR Co.,
By L. H. HILYARD, Plant Manager.
N
FIG. 5.
Please read in.structions below carefully. Landmarks and obstacles are espeoolly important.
In the above area or on a similar sheet pie~ draw a rough sketch of landing area, giving sufficient data to complete
a finished sketch of same in this ·office. Data necessary.
1. Show area where planes can land, giving approximate dimensions in yards, with reference to cardinal points of
the compass.
9
2. Show obstructions to be avoided in landing area, such as channel stakes, buoys, etc.
3. Show location of dangerous submerged object less than 3 feet under water at low tide.
4. Show obstructions in close proximity to landing area, such as fish net stakes, buoys, anchorages for sea craft,
sandbarB, etc.
5. Direction of current.
6. Location of high obstacles on land, such as wireless towers, high buildings, bluffs, hills, etc.
7. Show location of best anchorage for seaplanes.
8. Location and description of any special markings.
9. Show prominent landmarks in vicinity that can be easily identified on Rand McNally or Post Office maps or
hydrographic charts, such as cities, towns, rivers, canals, railroads and bridges, giving distance and direction from them.
MARKING OF AIRWAYS.
The proper and adequate method of the marking of
airways may be outlined in general as follows:
(a) The placing of the international identification
markers in a manner as prescribed in the instructions
following.
(b) The marking of the names of towns on the roofs of
buildings adjacent to the railroad.
(c) The laying out of the names of towns on the railroad
rights of way.
( a) The placing of the names of towns with directions
and distance, on large commercial signs.
(e) The placing of the names of towns on large tanks,
i,uch as water standpipes or tanks, oil-storage tanks, and
gas holders.
The public interest of the various localities should
cause them to adequately mark their town in one or several
of the manners as outlined above, and described in the
following paragraphs.
(a) GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AND EXPLANATION OF DIAGRAM
AND IDENTIFICATION NUMBER. {See Fig. 6.)
The international identification marker is to be placed
on the right-hand side of every railroad track where it
enters the town, and will be an invaluable aid to aerial
navigation.
The following will best illustrate the value of such
·markers:
A pilot has become 1~ or bewildered because of a low
fog, or otherwise, and flies in some direction until he picks
up a railroad track. He follows this railroad until he
sights one of the identification marks, which is located on
the right-hand side of the track and on the outskirts of
the city. He immediately locates himself and will not
have to pass over the heart of the city, thus endangering
his own life and the lives of others by hitting some high
tower or building hidden by a low fog.
Material for marker should consi.flt of heavy stones
(cobblestones suggested) and must be whitew~hed
frequently, so that the diagram can be readily seen from
a great distance.
"rhe railroad right of way or vacant lot adjacent to the
railroad would be the logical location for the diagram.
In the case of one railroad the diagram will be placed on
the right-hand side of the track, and on each side of the
town, so that it can be read by the flyer from his right as
he approaches the t.own. Two railroads would necessitate
the laying out of four diagrams. In other words, there
should be two diagrams for each railroad, so that a flyer,
following any railroad int.o the city, can locate himself
immediately.
This, of course, is the ideal, but if it is impracticable at
this time t.o construct more than one of these diagrams,
preference should be given t.o the north or east side of the
town.
The dot inside represents your town and its relative
location on the map.
The numbers indicate the latitude and longitude of the
south and west sides of this rectangle. For example, if
your town is in the rectangle whose south and west sides
are formed by the lines 39° latitude and 80° longitude,
respectively, then your diagram will have number 9
placed on the left and O on the right , the latitude number
always being placed on the left and the longitude number
on the right.
The last number in each case is considered sufficient,
because the points 29 and 70 or 49 and 90 are approximately
600 Iniles away on either side, and the aerial navigator
will not be confused as to their identity, for he generally
knows within much less than 600 Iniles where he is.
Your town being in the upper or lower half of the rectangle
is indicated accordingly, and the dot is placed
relative to the location of your town on the map.
The balance of the drawing is self-explanatory. The
name of the town is laid out at the top or bottom of
the rectangle, depending on the case in hand. Letters
should not be less than 4 feet in height, for they must be
discernible at a great distance.
On every landing field of a permanent nature the international
identification marker should be installed. The
correct position for it is in the northwest corner of the
field. For dimensions see Figure 6.
(b) NAMES OF TOWNS ON ROOFS OF BUILDINGS.
(See Fig. 7.)
Before attempting to understand the following explanation,
it ls suggested that the reader procure a map showing
the lines of latitude and longitude and location of his town.
The open-aided rectangle represents the lower or upper
half of the rectangle formed on the map by the lines of
latitude and longitude.
PERMISSION TO MARK.
The local organization should obtain perinissioI). to
place the marker upon the roof of some large prominent
building, adjacent to the railroad right of way. If the
building selected belongs to the railroad company a
request should be subinitted through the local station
master, and the railroad company will execute a license
or lease for nominal sum with the local organization.
Lumber sheds have proven to be very desirable locations
for these markers.
INSTRUCTIONS.
The roof selected should be of tile, shingle, tin or other
metal, or of slate composition. Gravel and pitch roofs
should be avoided, as markers on these roofs become
blurred in a short time.
A simpl.e block letter in white with a dull black background
should be used. If the roof has a slope of over 30°,
the sign should be painted on both sides.
The width of letter should equal two-thirds of the
height. (This pertains t.o such letters as "M" or "W " -
other letters in proportion.) A spacing of one-fourth the
REVISION OF INTERNATIONAL 5YSTEM OF GROUND MARKING AS REGOMM[NDEO BY ENGINEERING OIVJ510N OF DAYTON
s ' so'
I
.J Sff/qre m7-be repfqced
l
,,s·,to ~
AA'
- ,. . _
UNIV[RSAL GROUND MARK- 5TANDARD ARRANGEMEMENT AND PROPORTIONS
FIG. 6.
height should be used between letters. The width of
stroke should equal the height divided by 5.5.
Photograph of suggested method of marking names of
towns on roofs of buildings, so marked at Troy, Ohio.
(See Fig. 8).
(c) PREFERRED METHOD OF LAYING THE NAMES OF TOWNS
OUT UPON THE RAILROAD RIGHT OF WAY. (See Fig. 9.)
Permission for laying of marker on right of way:
Your request should be taken up through the local station
master of the railroad concerned, who will <'ommunicate
with his division superintendent and the usual form of
license or lease for nominal sum will be executed by the
railroad with the local organization placing the marker
on the right of way, in accordance with the policy recommended
by the American Railway Association.
DIMENSIONS.
The letters should be 5 feet or greater, laid in crushed
stone or concrete, and whitewashed or painted white.
11
Na mes of towns and roofs of build ings-suggestecl
method.
FIG. 8.
and of the following proportions: The width of letters such
as "M" and "W" should be two-thirds the height, and the
other letters should be in proportion. A spacing of one-.
fourth of the height should be used between letters. A
simple block letter should be used, and the width of
stroke should equal the height divided by 5.5.
REMARKS.
The placing of the name of the town is in substitution
for the placing of the international identification marker
where it is not feasible to place the latter on the right of
way. As will be noted, the name of the town should be
placed on the right of the track as the railroad enters the
town, and preferably where the raih-oad passes through a
slight cut, in order that the marker may be visible to the
railroad passengers in passing.
(d) .THE PLACING OF THE NAMES OF TOWNS, WITH DIRECTIONS
AND DISTANCES, ON LARGE COMMERCIAL SIGNS.
(See Fig. 10.)
ames of towns, with direction and distance on large
commercial signs in white letters 1 foot in height, should
be placed on signs parallel to highway or railroad.
12
On signs at right angles to highway or railroad, place the
distance to the town on the side away from the town; that
is, ma.king it only possible to see the distance when approaching
the town.
Signs are placed to be read: Let the hiker, the motorist,
the passenger on the railroad train, the voyager on the
PURPOSE.
By placing the name of the town on water tanks, or
other large tanks, the traveling public, whether walking,
motoring, flying, or traveling by rail or water, will be
able to readily ascertain the name of the town, and so
definitely locate themselves.
--· --· --·--,f'/61fTQ,'WAY,FEHCE-,,Y-·-----·-·-----
ALTOONA~ PA.
Cj;,v7[T f/,P .ffCT/tltt tl/' Tllff4'
--· --· --- lf'll9h'T 0,rH/IY /"£#CE~. -----_ --• --• -FIG.
9.-Diagram and instructions-the laying out name of town on railroad right of way.
water and the aviator expect to find this information on
the boards and look for them.
(e) NAMES OF TOWN ON LARGE TANKS, WATER STANDPIPES
OR TANKS, OIL STORAGE TANKS, AND GAS HOLDERS.
(See Fig. 11.)
SUGGESTED METHODS.
Th(name~of the town should be placed on various sides
of the tank (see Fig. 12), to be plainly visible when
entering or leaving the town by the ma.in highways,
:11 THAT A~r
Drug.Stor<s PLEASANT TA.STE Gromy5tor<s
NON-CORRODING
TOOTH PA.STe
4 MILES TD ERIE.PA 13 MILES TD NORTHEAST.PA
·4 MILES TC CSWEGC.N.Y.
FIG. 10.
the railroads, or waterways. The letters should be as
large as is practicable, not under 1 foot (in white) . as a
minimum. Commercial companies could, in addition,
place their names on the tanks; or the town, as in the case
of the tank at Wheaton, Ill., could show welcome to the
traveler.
FIG. 11.-Names of towns on grandstands of race tracks and ball
parks, large stacks, grain elevators, etc.
13
PREFERRED METHOD OF MAKING OBLIQUE
PHOTOGRAPHS OF LANDING FACILITIES.
(See Fig. 12.)
Obliques of this nature could, as a rule, be taken at
altitudes between 2,000 and 3,000 feet at an angle of
approximately 60° to the horizontal and from a point
directly south of the landing field. Effort should be made
to place the landing field of which the picture is being
taken in approximately the center of the plate, in order
to show the surrounding landmarks on all sides.
PREFERRED METHODS OF SELECTION OF
EMERGENCY FIELDS.
Emergency fields, or unimproved , facilities, where
selected from farm land usually under cultivation, should
be chosen, where practicable, in the manner in which
the emergency fields were selected, at a point on the national
highway 6 miles west of Columbus, Ohio. Here
there are three fields chosen, each ample for the landing of
the ordinary types of aircraft. The crops on these fields,
which are owned by the same man, are so rotated yearly
that there is always one available for use as a landing
facility. The field available will be marked during its
period of availability, and the marker shifted to another
field at the time of rotation.
Preferred method of marking emergency fields along
airways.
l. It is most desirable that at intervals of from 15 to 25
miles over the most frequently traveled routes of the airways
system of the United States landing facilities be
selected and marked so as to be easily identified from the
air. These facilities are not to be leased, but are simply
to be identified as portions of terrain which, through the
normal rotation of crops, are of such a nature as to lend
themselves to the landing and taking-off of aircraft for
any considerable period of time. These will include 20
30, or 40 acre fields belonging to farmers which, for th~
present season, they have sowed in alfalfa, grass, clover,
etc., or which may be used continuously as pastures.
2. The marking of these fields should be a conventional
circle marker, with the exception that the circle need
be only 50 feet in diameter, with a 4-foot band, and the
white coating can be such as to be readily destroyed by
the ordinary tilling of the soil.
3. When a field has been selected in any one locality
and marked, and later is tilled, rendering it useless as a
landing facility, the activity in the vicinity should select
another field in the vicinity, obtain permission, and mark.
4. The following method of marking is recommended:
(a) The vegetation should be removed in the 4-foot
path of the circle, the center of this path then raised by
filling in with dirt until it is 2 inches higher than the
edges.
(b) Either of the following mixtures applied by using
an ordinary garden hand sprinkling can in which the
spray openings have been enlarged until their diameter
is approximately one-eighth of an inch:
(1) To any desired amount of water add as much salt
as will dissolve, then add hydrated lime sufficient to make
a thick creamy mixture. Let stand 48 hours, stirring
occasionally. Thin with water to a consistency that will
pass easily through the spray openings of a sprinkling can:
Repeat application until desired result is obtained.
: ,:~~~ - I ,,• ~ -.
•'::c: .~ -, - ~. a \. ··-:;
'- -::::-r~:·· .... .,' -- ._ ,. ---
,·------
Fm. 12-Names of towns on large tanks-water standpipes or tanksoil
storage tanks-gas holders. ·
(2) 30 pounds finishing hydrated lime, 2 pounds
sulphate of zinc, 2 pounds caustic soda. Dissolve the
zinc and soda. in about 3 gallons of boiling water. Add
the lime and enough water to make a creamy substance.
To 3 pounds of Portland cement add 1 quart of the above
mixture and make thin enough to pass easily through the
spray opening of a sprinkling can.
(c) Edges of circle can be evened by cutting with a
spade or other instrument after the spraying has been
done.
5. It is recommended that all aviation activities mark
in this manner.
14
rWA~HIN6TON MoNUl'fENt
. ANAGOJTIA
, lfAVAL AIR 0TATION
FIG. 13.
15
LANDING FACILITIES IN ALABAMA.
ALBANY.-Emergency field; operator unknown; corn- CAMDEN.- Emergency field; owner unknown; no land-municate
with postmaster, Albany, Ala.; 1,000 feet ing facilities developed; no flying done; several fields
east and west, 2,000 feet north and south, one-half mile available if needed. Conditions unknown in wet
southeast of Albany; east of woods and Louisville & weather; good roads; supplies in town; information
Nash ville railroad shops; good roads; no accorn- from postmaster, Camden, Ala.; landing 800 feet east
modations; supplies available. and west, 2,000 feet north and south, 3 miles south-
ANDALUSIA.-Emergency field ; operator unknown; west of Camden.
for information communicate with chamber of com- CENTERVILLE.- Emergencyfield;owner uhknown;in-merce,
Andalusia, Ala. Conditions poor in wet, formation from mayor, Centerville, Ala. Conditions
weather; no accommodations on field; supplies good in wet weather; no accommodations on field;
available from dealers in town; fair roads; 780 feet supplies available from dealers in town; good roads;
east and west, 1,625 feet north and south, three- 600 feet east and west, 1,200 feet north and south,
fourths mile northwest of Andalusia. one-half mile southwest of Centerville; field only fair,
ANNISTON.- Emergency; chamber of commerce, An- between two hills; poor approaches.
niston, Ala. Conditions good in wet weather; good CLANTON.- Emergency field; owner unknown; in-roads;
4,000 feet east and west, 2,500 feet north and formation from postmaster, Clanton, Ala. Conditions
south; northeast of Anniston, north of Camp unknown in wet weather; noaccornmoda.tions on field;
McClelland. supplies available in town; good roads; 1,000 feet east
ATALIA.-Emergency; large fields one-half mile south and west, 1,500 feet north and south, 5 miles northwest
on east side of railroad. Runs north and south; 300 of town; woods to north and south of field.
acres; clear from woods; easily found. COATOPA.-Ernergency field.
ATHENS.-Emergency field; a vacant lot west side of DE ATSVILLE.-Emergency field; owner unknown; in-t.
own. formation from post~aster, Deatsvill e, Ala. Condi-
A UBURN.-Emergency fi eld; operator unknown; in- tions not known in wet weather; no accommodations
formation from postmaster, Auburn. Ala. Conditions on field; supplies available in town; roads good; one-unknown
in wet weather; good roads; no accom- half mile east and west, three-fourths mile north and
modations on field; supplies available from dealers south; road on east and west; woods on south; one
in town; 2,000 feet east and west, 1,500 feet north mile southeast of Deatsville.
and south; directly south of Auburn University. I DEMOPOLIS.-Whitefield landing field; owned by J. 13.
AUTAUGAVILLE.- Emergencyfield; ownerunknown; I Whitefield; information from chamber of commerce,
information from postmaster, Autaugaville, Ala. Con- 1 Demopolis, Ala. Condition not known in wet
ditions unknown in wet weather; no accommodations · weather; no accommodations on field; supplies avail-on
field; supplies available in town; good roads; 2,300 able on request; good roads; white circle and cross in
feet east and west; 700 feet north and south. To the center of field; level, smooth pasture; clear approach
north, south, and east are cultivated fields; on the north and west; 3,000 feet east and west, 1,100 feet
west is a creek; on the north is also a railroad. I north and south; one-half mile northeast of Demopolis.
BAY MINETTE.-Emergency field; owner unknown; I ELMORE.- Ernergency field; owner unknown; informa-i~
formatio~ from mayor, Bay :Minette, Ala. Condi- tion fro_m postmaster, Elmore, Ala. C_ondition not
tions good m wet weather; good roads; no accommoda- 1 known m wet weather; no accommodat10ns on field;
tions on field; supplies available in town; field about I supplies in town; good roads (dimensions not given);
1,600 feet to 1,920 feet long and 640 feet to 1,280 feet northwest of Elmore.
wide; locattid 3 miles sou_thwest of Bay Minette; in dry I ENTERPRISE.-Emergency field; not -good.
~veat~er several fields adJa~ent to town offer s~fe land- EUFAULA.- Emergency field; owner unknown; in-mg;
m wet ,~eather landmg can be made m large formation from mayor, Eufaula, Ala. Condition in
meadow field m town. . . wet weather poor; no .accommodations on field; sup-
BIR~NGHAM.--:--Rober~ Field, commercial and N~- plies available in town; fair roads; 660 feet east and
t10nal Guard; mforrnatlon from Alabama State Fau
.. · · f B. · h Al c· 1 fi •- ..ssoc1at10n o 1rrn1ng am, a. u cu ar e ld , 1. ns1. d e west, 1,.3 20 feet north and. south.; southwes.t . of Eufau.l a .
race t rac k , f a·u groun d s; 1q nges t eas t and wes t ; 1e ve1 EUTAW.-Emergencyfield,ownei unknown,1nform. ation
with exception of west and near horse sheds;· drainage from mayor, _Eutaw, Ala. Bogg! after _heavy_ram; no
good, except in west end of field; General condition ac_commodat10ns on fiel?; supplies available m town;
very good after heavy rains; supplies available; land- fau roads; good field with open country around; 9_50
ing space southwest of blast furnace and reservoir, l! feet east and west, 2,20? feet north and south; 1 mile
mile northeast of Ensley. southeast of town; low pme woods on east.
BREWTON.-Emergency field; owner unknown; in- EVERGREEN.-Emergency field; owner unknown; in-formation
from chamber of commerce, Brewton, Ala. formation from postmaster, Evergreen, Ala. Con-
Soft in ·wet weather; fair roads; no accommodations dition in wet weather not known;_ no accommodations
on field; supplies in town; 700 feet east and west, on field; supplies in town; good roads; 2,000 feet north
2,000 feet north and south; north of Brewton; creek and south; 1 mile south of Evergreen; surrounded by a
and road south of field. forest.
32164-23---2
16
FAYETTE.- Emergency; high-school campus; information
from Prof. R. L. Reeves, Fayette, Ala.; four acres.
Good condition after heavy rains; no shelter for planes;
good roads; oil and gas from Standard Oil Co.
FLORENCE.- Emergency; owner unknown; information
from mayor, Florence, Ala. Conditions in wet
weather unknown; no accommodations on field; supplies
available in town; good roads; north of Tennessee
River; northwest of United States nitrate plant, which
is on south shore of river; southwe_st of town.
GADSDEN.-Emergency field.
GREENSBORO.-Emergency; owner unknown; information
from mayor, Greensboro, Ala. Conditions in
wet weather not known; no accommodations on field;
supplies in town; good roads; 1,800 feet east and west,
2,000 feet north and south; on west is road running
north and south; pike road 41 miles to Greensboro.
GREENVILLE.- Emergency; owner unknown; information
from postmaster, Greenville, Ala. Condition
not known in wet weather; no accommodations
on field; supplies in town; good roads; 1,000 feet
northeast by southwest and 2,000 feet northwest by
southeast; 3 miles east of town.
GROVE HILL.-Emergency; owner unknown; information
from postmaster, Grove Hill, Ala. Condition not
known in wet weather; no accommodations on field;
supplies in town; fair roads; 530 feet east and west by
1,700 feet north and south, north of Grove Hill.
HARTSELL.- Emergency. Ryon Field; small field 1
mile south of town. Good runway.
HAYNESVILLE.-Emergency; owner unknown; information
from postmaster, Haynesville, Ala. Condition
not known in wet weather; no accommodations
on field; supplies in town; good roads; landing field
1,370 feet on south and 500 feet on north by 2,000 feet
north and south; three-fourths mile southwest of town;
forest on east and south.
HARTSBORO.-Emergency.
HUNTSVILLE.- Emergency; owner unknown; information
from chamber of commerce, Huntsville, Ala.
Condition not known in wet weather; altitude, 250
feet; no accommodation on field; supplies in town;
good roads; good north and south field 1,220 by 1,300
feet, 2i miles southwest of town.
HURTSBORO.-Emergency field .
JASPER.-Emergency; owner unknown; information
from mayor, Jasper, Ala. ·conditions not known in
wet weather; no accommodations on field; supplies
available from dealers in town; good roads; 300 feet
east and west by 900 feet north and south; located 1
mile southeast of Jasper; rough ground on east of landing
field; railroad, telephone wires and heavy woods
on west; soft ground on north.
JEMISON.-Emergency field. Sketch and prints of field
made in 1920. Later, April 11, 1922, reported no
field here.
LINDEN.-Emergency; owner unknown; information
from postmaster, Linden, Ala. Condition in wet
weather not known; no accommodations on field;
supplies in town; good roads; 200 feet east and west
by 800 feet north and south, lt miles from courthouse
in Linden, 1 mile from oil house southeast of
Linden.
MARION.-Emergency; owner unknown; information
from postmaster, Marion, Ala. Condition not known
in wet weather; no accommodations on field; supplies
available in town; good roads; 4,000 feet ea~t
and west by 2,600 feet north and south; 3 miles
southwest of Marion; road and railroad on east.
MARION JUNCTION.-Emergency; owner unknown;
information from postmaster, Marion Junction, Ala.
Condition in wet weather not known; no acc0mmodations
on field; supplies arnilable from dealers in
town; good roads_; landing field southwest of Marion
Junction i mile by 1 mile, in which is landing 1,400
feet north and south, 350 feet east and west; northeast
of town is landing field 3,000 feet east and west
by 3,000 feet north and south; field full of ditches;
in eastern portion is landing 1,000 feet east and west
by 400 feet north and south.
MOBILE.-Municipal field; information from chamber of
commerce, Mobile, Ala. Condition good in wet
weather; no accommodations on field; supplies from
Standard Oil Co.; good roads; small white cross in
middle of · field; altitude, 15 feet; rectangular field
1,825 feet north and south, 850 feet east and west;
number of stump holes rather bad for take-off; 3 miles
south of city; one-half mile west of railroad track and
ball park. Emergency fields on western outskirts of
Mobile.
MONROEVILLE.-Emergency; owner unknown; information
from postmaster, Monroeville, Ala. Condition
not known in wet weather; no accommodations
on field; supplies in to11<n; good roads; 1,000 feet east
and west, 2,000 feet north and south; forest on east
and south; three miles south of Monroeville. There
are several sites around this place that could be made
good landing fields. Fields belong to J. L. Holloway,
R. F. D. "A," and R. L. Kennedy.
MONTGOME RY.-Governmental field; U. S. Government
Repair depot Maxwell Field . Condition good
in wet weather; accommodations, hangar, etc.; supplies
available; good roads; to be used as Airway
stat.ion and for National Guard reserves; 3,000 feet
east and west, 1,500 feet north and south; about 2
miles west of town.
NORTHPORT.- Emergency. There is no landing place
here, but one was surveyed at Tuscaloosa, 1 mile from
here, some time ago. The ·matter can be taken up
with W. H. Nichol, Tuscaloosa, Ala.
OZARK.-Emergency; owned by M. 0. Carroll; called
Carroll Field ; operated by Thirty-ninth Division
Tank Co.; information from M. 0 . Carroll and Capt.
Abner Flowers. Field slopes gradually toward north;
landing field small, 400 feet by 1.,200 feet, extending
north and south; not marked; poor approach; surface
always firm.
PHOENIX .-Emergency fields around.
PRATTSVILLE.-Emergency; owner unknown; information
from postmaster, Prattsville, Ala. Condition
in wet weather not known; no accommodations on
field; supplies available from dealers in town; good
roads; 3,500 feet north and south, varying from 450,
510, and 1,100 feet east and west, starting at south
end of field; southwest of Prattsville.
17
SELMA.-Emergency field; owned by Frank J". Kopuky;
information from chamber of commerce, Selma; Ala.
Condition in wet weather is perfect; no acC'ommodations
on fi eld; supplies available in town; condition of
roads good; field 3 miles southwest of Selma, and has
a railroad on southeast.
SPEIGNER.-Emergency field reported.
THOMASVILLE.- Field large enough to land in; ground
boggy in rainy weather.
TROY.- Municipal field now being established here.
TUSCALOOSA.-Emergency field . Refer to Dr. W. V.
Partlow and A. S. Vandergraff, · of Tuscaloosa, for
information.
TUSCUMBIA.-Emergency field; owner unknown; information
from mayor, Tuscumbia, Ala. Condition good
in wet weather; no accommodations on field; supplies
available in town; good roads; 400 feet nqrthwest and
southeast by 900 feet northeast and southwest; pasture
land with good sod one-half mile south of town; woods
on east and west.
TUSKEGEE.- Emergency field; one field south of
Tuskegee 450 feet east and west by 2,400 feet north and
south.
UNIONTOWN.- Emergency field reported.
VERBEN A .- Emergency; owner unknown; information
from postmaster, Verbena, Ala. Conditions not
known in wet weather; no accommodations on field;
supplies available in town; good roads; field 440 feet
east and west by 1,950 feet north and south; sixty
feet pine woods on east and south; town one-quarter
mile south of field.
VERNON.- Emergency field; owner unknown; information
from postmaster, Vernon, Ala. Condition in wet
weather good ; no accommodations on fi eld; supplies
available in towns; good roads; altitude, 589 feet
above sea level; best field in a radius of 15 miles.
Fields No. 1 and 2 are southwest of Vernon. No. 1
is 300 feet east and west by 1,200 feet north and south;
a road joins it on the north ; on the west are woods.
Field No. 2 is 1,200 feet east and west by 2,000 feet
north and south. The same road joins it on the north.
Road and woods on east, cemetery and trees on south,
and a dry creek bed on the \vest.
WEST BLOCKTON.- Emergency field; ownerunknown;
information from postmaster, West Blockton, Ala.
Condition in wet weather not known; no accommodations
on field; supplies available in town; good
roads; field 800 feet on souliiwest and 500 feet on
northeast by 2,200 feet southeast and northwest;
surrounded bY. high hills and woods, with railroad on
southeast; north of flag stop ; 6 miles from West Blockton.
LANDING FACILITIES IN ARIZONA.
ARLINGTON.- Emergency; landing field north side
of Gila River, south of Arlington.
BISBEE.-Emergency field ; owned by Warren District
C~untry Club, adjoining city on north; 1,000 feet east
by 80 feet. Good condition; elevation, 5,500 feet; gas
arid oil can be furnished in city.
BUCKEYE.- Emergency field; one mile southwest of
Buckeye.
CASA GRANDE.- Emergency landing field, northwest
of city; also field southeast of city; operator unknown.
Landing field 5 miles northwest of Casa Grande.
CLIFTON.- Government field; 7 miles south of city;
3;600 feet square. Condition good; elevation, 4,000
feet; gas and oil can be purchased in city.
DOUGLAS.- Army Air Service field; 2,000 feet square;
1 mile northeast of city; elevation, 4,000 feet. Also
Douglas Airdrome, border patrol. Landing can be
made on parade ground.
FLAGSTAFF.-Emergency; two good emergency fields.
Field No. 1 one-half mile north of town, 1,400 by
1,000 feet east and west, large red barn and corral
north and east. Field No. 2, 2! miles east of town,
1,800 by 1,800 feet. No accommodations on field;
supplies available in to~n; elevation, 7,000 feet.
FORT HUACHUCA.-Emergency field; military reservation;
600 by 1,200 feet with long axis north and
south; marked with a poor white circle in north center
of field; field is one-quarter mile north of wireless
tower at fort.
FORT THOMAS.- Emergency field; operator unknown;
located _2 miles south of city; 1,000 feet square; good
condition; elevation, 1,750 feet; gas and oil can be
purchased in city.
GILA BEND.- Emergency; landing field at Gila Bend
Indian Reservation, just south of Gila River.
HOLBROOK.- Emergency field ; owner unknown. Small
field with public road running through it; about
one-half mile south of depot; elevation, 5,000 feet;
supplies available in town; for information communicate
with postmaster of town.
KINGMAN.- Municipal field . Field located 3 miles
northeast of city; 1,000 by 1,800 feet. Landmark "T"
in center of field; no accommodations on field; good
c0ondition; elevation, 3,800 feet; gas and oil can be purchased
in city; for information communicate with
Judge Krook or Mr. J". H. Rosenberg.
MARICOPA.-Emergency field. Due care must be exercised
in effecting a landing here.
MIAMI.- Emergency field; Globe; operated by Inspiration
mine. Good in wet weather; 1,500 feet above sea
level; supplies available; good roads; smelter smoke
visible for 25 miles; field halfway between Miami and
Globe; low hills on east and west; road on north; 150
feet east and west by 1,600 feet north and south.
NACO.- Emergency field; Government; running east and
west 500 feet wide by 2,000 feet long, one-fourth of a
mile northeast of Naco and just west of the NacoBisbee
Road; elevation, 4,600 feet. This territory is
very rough and mountainous.
N ADA.-Emergency field; occupied by Mr. W. R . Griffin;
located 2 miles north of city. Railroad on north;
2,640 by 1,200 feet; good condition; elevation, 1,697
feet; oil and gas can be purchased in city.
NOGALES.-Government field; located northwest of city
(distancenotgiven). Landmark, aviation camp; 3,500
by 1,500 feet; condition good; elevation, 3,700 feet;
all accommodations at camp.
18
PEACH SPRINGS.-Emergency; owner not known.
Adjoining city on the north; 2,000 by 500 feet. Good
condition; elevation 4,800 feet; gas and oil can be
purchased in city.
PHOEN"IX.-EmergenCY.. State fair grounds; located l!
miles northe;i,st of city; 1,800 feet square. Telephone
line on the east.; bunker north and south; canal on
the southwest; hedge of trees on west; no accommodations
on field; cross in center of field ; information,
communicate with chamber of commerce, Phoenix,
Ariz.
PRESCOTT.-Emergency; altitude, 5,000 feet; no accommodations
on field; supplies in town; good roads;
information from mayor; 41 miles north of .town; long
axis east and west.
RED ROCK.-Emergency; landing can be made west of
town, or in hay field 1 mile southeast of Picacho Peak.
SENTINEL.-Emergency field; landing can be made
north side of railroad in town .
SPRINGS.-No field established here; a farm of 640 acres
of which a part could be made available.
ST. JOHN.-Municipal field; owner, city; located onefourth
mile sou t.h of city. Race track and cemetery on
east; 2,640 feet square; condition good; elevation
5,600, feet; gas and oil can be purchased in city.
SPRINGERVILLE.-Emergency; operated by E.
Bmke; 1 mile northeast of town; one-half mile northeast
of cemetery. Good condition; no obstacles near
field except wire fence on west; . no accommodations
on field; supplies available in town.
TACNA. -Emergency field north of town (distance not
given).
TUCSON.-Municipal field; excellent condition; 4 miles
south of S. P.R. R. and T. & N. R . R. Good approach
from all directions; all accommodations on field; 100
feet concrete circle in center; concrete letters AR 49
in northwest corner of field.
WILLTON.-Emergency field; 3 miles northwest of
Willton.
WILCOX.--Emergency field; suitable for De Havilahds.
YUMA.-Municipal landing field, 2,100 feet by 1,500 feet.
Marked with circle with large "Y'' in center; perfectly
level, smooth, sandy ground; drainage excellent;
supplies available; field 2 miles south of town;
operated by the Ynma City Council ; telephone wire
in northeast corner.
LANDING FACILITIES IN ARKANSAS.
ARKADELPHIA.- Emergency field; owner unknown;
forty acres, south of town about one-half mile; sod
meadow; north side trees and a mill; east telephone
wires and txees; south trees; west fairly clear; good strip
hard ground 150 feet wide running east and west;
fuel available upon request.
BATESVILLE.-Emergency field; owner unknown;
sixty acres square, west of town about 1 mile; north of
Missouri Pacific Railroad about one-quarter mile; very
smooth; bordered on west by trees; north by road and
trees; east by a house and trees; open on south; field
runs east and west.
BERRYVILLE.-Emergency field; owner unknown;
about 25 acres; southwest of tow:n. Rectangular in
form; slopes to south; trees and houses on north;
open on other three sides.
BLYTHEVILLE.-Emergency 'field; owner unknown.
On south side of town. Dimensions 1,000 by 1,200
by 600 feet; altitude, 100 feet; no accommodations
on field; supplies available.
BRINKLEY.-Emergency field ; owner unknown; about
45 acers, southwest of town. Rectangular in shape,
with long axis east and west; marked by white cross
in center and by white flag on north end ; soil level
and fu-m; field is fenced on all sides: open fields on
all sides except eastern side, where there are a few
trees and a cabin; fuel and supplies available upon
request.
.BUFFALO CREEK.-Emergency field; owner un-
.known; twenty acres, about 10 miles from town of
Buffalo; triangular in shape, with hills on each side
to a maximum altitude of 500 feet; opening in hills
at southwest corner, permits entrance and exit with
plane; floor solid; no accommodations o:n field; supplies
available in town.
DANVILLE.-Emergency field; owner unknown;
twenty-five acres about one-half mile northwest of
town; rolling. Knoll with tree on north; meadow and
peach orchard on east; west and south low; low-grade
fuel supplies available.
DARDANELLE.-Emergency field; owner unknown;
lies at southern edge of town from center and is
flanked by railroad on east; rectangular in shape;
slightly narrowed at north end; surrounding fields
sown to grain.
DEWITT.-Emergency field .
EL DORADO.-Emergency field; landing has been
made in a cotton field to southwest of city; also in a
vacant lot that measured 330 feet in length.
FA YETTEVILLE.-Emergency field; owner un1.'Ilown;
field lies ll, miles west-southwest of town; easily distinguishable
as a race course one-half mile circular.
Grand stand on west, lumber mill on south; ditches
and scant width prohibit landing on east or west;
ground spongy and rough.
FORREST CITY.- Em·ergency field ; owner unknown;
about 30 acres, 2 miles southwest of city. Rectangular
in shape, with long axis east and west; fenced on all
sides; ditch from north boundary of the field; bushes
about 20 to 30 feet high line the fence on south side;
soil fu-m and level.
FORT SMITH.-Emergency field; Field No. 1: About
20 acres, 4 miles northeast of town; golf links; large
"V" shaped; hard soil, rolling and sloping to north_
east; trees on north and east sides; trolley wires on
west; h ouses and trees oh south; low-grade fuel available.
Emergency field; Field No. 2: About 50 acres, 21,
miles northeast of town; low. trees to southeast and
north; open to west; road on south; no accommodations
on fields; altitude, 466 feet; supplies delivered
by Magnolia Co.
Emergency field; field No. 3: Best field.
HARRISON.-Emergency field; owner unknown; field
2 miles south of center. Circular one-half mile race
track surrounds it; grand stand on west; small stream
circling on east and south; ground level and smooth,
but spongy; high board fence on north; high trees
on east; low wire fence on north.
19
HAZEN.-Emergency field; owner unknown; about 120
acres, l t miles southwest of town, almost square.
Firm; flat; fenced on all sides; low telephone lines
extend east and west on north edge of field; small
house in northeast corner of field; fuel supplies available
upon request.
HELENA.-Emergency field; owner unknown ; field
large, long axis north and south; 2 miles northeast of
,town, between Mississippi River and levee. Trees
at south end and around north end; too soft for.
landing in wet weather; supplies available upon
request.
HOPE.-Emergency field; owner unknown. There is a
good landing field three-quarters of a mile from town
and to the northwest marked with large white cross.
HOT SPRINGS.-Emergency field ; country club.
Field good; 3,000 feet square, Near sanitarium; roll
ing; power line on W. Ry. to east, toward mountains.
.JONESBORO.-Emergency field; owner unknown;
about 50 acres; 2 miles northwest of town; rectangular
in form. Bounded on west by road from town; scattered
trees on east and south sides; house and barn
on north; marked by a long "T" plowed in ground.
LITTLE··ROCK.-Emergency field ; owner unknown;
small, rolling; woods on three sides; impossible on
fourth; supplies available upon request.
LONOKE.-Emergency; baseball park; 1,000 by 1,200
feet.
Emergency field; 4 miles northeast; altitude, 300
feet. Formerly Government field (now abandoned).
MARKED TREE.-Emergency field; owner unknown;
field shaped like a boot, with toe pointing west and
upper pointing north ; ground forming the toe of the
boot is not good for a landing field; 345 feet wide by
900 feet long; marked with white cross; level sod
field; houses in the northeast and northwest corners;
wire fence on the north, east, and south sides;
house, barn, and windmill on the southeast corner;
supplies can be obtained at the C. & B. commissary;
altitude, 275 feet.
NEWPORT.-Emergency field; owner unknown; 8 acres;
one-half mile northeast of town. Small turf spot in
cotton field ; open on three sides; house on south;
long and narrow; soft and sandy ; low-grade fuel supplies
available.
PINE BLUFF.-Municipal field ; 40 acres. Good, l!
miles east, one-half mile from river; supplies available;
altitude, 250 feet.
P ARAGOULD.-Emergency field; owner unknown;
fields at north and also southeast; altitude 200 feet;
supplies available; no accommodations on field.
PRESCOTT.- GQvernment field; about 1,200 feet wide
by 3,000 feet in-length. Level and sodded; altitude,
5,300 feet; no accommoda~ions on field; supplies
available in town; high voltage line passes eastern
end; ditch on north side; other sides safe; marked by
cross in center.
STUTTGART.- Emergency field; owner unknown;
large field 2 miles north of town, between road and
railroad. Marked with a "T "; supplies available on
request; no accommodations on field.
TEXARKANA.-Emergency field; field No. !.-Country
Club. Fifty acres, l! miles south of town. Trees
and tennis court on north side; lake and trees on
east; railroad on south; orchard on west; best landing
is over railroad toward tennis court.
Field No. 2: Emergency field; owner unknown.
Seventy-five acres, lt miles from town. Hilly pasture
with scattered trees; west side most suitable for landing;
north side, house and trees; east, trees and rolling
ground; south, telephone line and· road; west,
fairly open; fuel available upon request.
Emergency; inside race track; 3 miles north of
town; gas and oil ; altitude, 335 feet; gravel pit to
south; timber to east, west, and southwest.
WARREN.-Emergency field; owner unknown; field on
northeast side of town, about 400 by 600 feet. Very
good; landings must be made from northeast, west,
or south on account of trees to east and northwest of
field .
WYNNE.-Emergency field ; owner unknown; field 320
by 645 feet; long axis from north to south. Marked
with white cross; level, sod, well drained; wire fence
on northeast and south; two small sheds on the north
side, house and shed on the south; 2 miles north
and 1 mile west of town; supplies can· be obtained
from Black's garage -in town ; altitude, 275 feet; no
accommodations on field.
LANDING FACILITIES IN CALIFORNIA.
ALAMEDA.-Emergency; owner unknown; located
across street from Bethlehem Steel Mill, next to the
electric railroad leading to the Alameda mole, adjoining
the Oakland estuary, which is just north of the
field; size, 4,000 by 2,000 feet. Condition good; elevation,
15 feet. All accommodations available.
ALTURAS.-Governmental; field built primarily for use
of Government on aerial forest patrol located two blocks
west of city; 2,640 feet east and west, 1,220 feet north
and south; free from rocks and fairly well drained;
good condition; all accommodations available; electric
power line parallel to field; no other obstructions; level
country .
ANHELS CAMP.-Municipal; field adjoining city on
south; city race track surrounding field about 1,200 feet
square. Good condition; oil and gas can be purchased
in city.
ARCADIA.-Government; field operated by Air Service
Balloon Observers' School. High mountain one-half
mile to the north; all other directions are level; no
obstacles on field; road with level edges diagonally
across field; row of high trees along east side; trees and
shop along south side; steel hangar, deep ditch and
electric railroad wires along west side; low buildings
to north; accommodations available.
ARROYO GRANDE.-Emergency; operator J. F.
Beckett; one and one-half miles west of city; Pismo
Lake on west. Dimensions, 2,000 by 1,000 feet ; good
condition; eleva~ion, 150 feet; gas and oil can be purchased
in city .
AUBURN.;-Municipal; field located two blocks west of
city in center of race track, known as Auburn Field;
size, 1,100 by 600 feet. Good condition ; eleva_tion,
l,360Jeet;:gas and oil can be purchased in city.
20
BAKERSFIELD.-Emergency field . Located three
miles north of city, along line of Southern Pacific and
north of all spurs. This landing is in fair condition now
and will be smoothed off and put in good shape; some
planes have used i t . Standard Oil Co. will furnish
gas and oil, if given notice. Operated by Civic Commercial
Association.
BALLARAT.-Emergency field; Panamint Dry Lake,
Mohave Desert; dimensions 13 miles north and south
by 2 miles east and west.
BARSTOW.-Municipal field. Located 1 mile north of
city. White arrow in center of field; dimensions,
1,800 by 600 feet; conditions, some sagebrush; gas and
oil can be purchased in city.
BAY POINT.-Emergency field; operated by Walter
Varney. Field one-half mile east of city, just south of
railroad tracks. Shipyards and hangar on east; 1,000
feet east and west by 400 feet north and south; good
conditions. All accommodations; sea level.
BEA:MONT.-Emergency field; field 2! miles east of
Beaumont; size of field, ·400 feet by 1,000 feet; nearly
level; suitable field; sandy soil; level Perris Valley for
12 miles; level plateau country for a few miles around
Beaumont; oil and gas available at Beaumont.
BERESFORD.- Emergency field, operator, Walter F.
Varney; located south of town; north to south, 2,200
feet; east to west, 2,000 feet; almost square and perfectly
level; accommodation facilities on field.
BERKELEY.-Emergency field; in the north edge of
city, midway between the Richmond Highway and
the Albany Cemetery. In the village of Albany is a
10-acre field-on which a ship can land in any weather.
It is about l! miles north of Berkeley (University of
California) and 4 miles south of Richmond. Has no
ditches or furrows, trees or stumps. It is at present
a cow pasture.
BLOOMINGTON.-Emergency field; located 1 mile
northwest of ·Bloomington; size, 2,000 feet square.
Slightly rolling; stubble field covered with dead
weeds; also other fields near that can be used; elevation,
1,150 feet; oil and gas can be obtained at Bloomington
or Colton.
BLYTRE.- Emergency field; landing can be made a
Blythe, on Sant~ Fe Railway, near the Colorado Rivert
BODIE.-Emergency field; operator, J. S. Cain; location.
adjoining city on west; size, 2,000 feet square; elevation,
8,300 feet; some sagebrush; gas and oil can be
purchased in city.
BRAWLEY.-Emergency field. The landing used at
Brawley was in a field ridged about every 20 feet for
irrigation purposes. A landing was made easily between
these irrigation ridges on quite hard ground.
BRIDGEPORT.-Municipal field. Located one-fourth
mile northeast of city and east of Walker River; size,
2,000 by 750 feet. Elevation, 1,465 feet. Condition
poor; gas and oil can be purchased in city.
BURBANK.- Emergency field ; operator, Mr. L. E.
Brand; located 2 miles east of city. "T" in center of
field; hangar at south end; 1,800.by 600 feet. Elevation,
800 feet; good conditions; all accommodations.
CALEXICO.-Emergency field; operator, Government;
field 1 mile from center of Calexico northea11t; adjoining
directly to the north of Camp John W. Beacon
(Cavalry post); field square, 1,320 feet by 1,320 feet;
perfectly level. Excellent condition in dry weather,
but impossible to land in wet weather.
CALIPATRIA.- Emergency field; operator not known;
located adjoining city on east; large oil tank and cotton
gin on west; size 800 by 1,000 feet; elevation, 15
feet; condition good; gas and oil can ~e purchased in
city.
CAMP KEARNY.-Government field : located 15 miles
north of San Diego; United States Infantry Camp. Excellent
field on parade ground 2,010 feet square;
all accommodations; conditions good.
CHICO.-Municipal field, located one-half mile due south
· of city; "T" in center of field; 1,500 by 900 feet east
and west; trees to the south; slaughterhouse north side
of field; concrete road east of field; dirt road on west
hard and a little rough ; good service rendered and all
accommodations.
CHINO.-Emergency field; 1 mile south of Chino; 900
by 1,500 feet. The field is a flat, smooth, stubble field ·
with firm sandy loam soil and will likely be used for
grain raising from February to June. Country en
route is rough, then running into orchard lands with
few and scattered emergency fields for 8 miles from
March Field, then over flat, open country with
numerous fields that can be used for emergency
landings. Oil and gas may be obtained in city.
CHINESE CAMP.-Emergency field; operator, Frank
Sims; no information given as to the location. of this
field. Diagram shows swamp on west; wire fence on
north; old placer works on east.
OHOWCHILLA.-Municipal field. Located one-fourth
mile northeast of city. "T" in center of field; size,
20,000 by 600 feet; elevation, 150 feet; conditions
good; all accommodations; fuel station for forest
patrol.
COALINGA.- Emergency field; large; east of town between
railroad and road. Creek around northeast
boundary; very good; small house and gun club in
southwest corner; gas and oil; altitude, 900 feet.
COLFAX.-Emergency field ; 600 by 300 feet, one-half
mile south of town. Very soft; wet ; :tltitucle, 2,422
feet.
COLMA.-Emergency field; large pasture field, hard at
all times; inclosed by board fence; field running east
and west; 6,000feet by 36,000feet. In the right center
is a large light-colored farmhouse, easily located , as
this is the only field right in town. (No directions
given.)
COLUSA.- Emergency field, adjoining city on west;
operator, Mr. Tubbs and Mr. Tuttle; size of field,
almost 1,600 feet square; directly opposite baseball
park. Level with exception of a:bout 100 feet on
west encl; field used as pasture; gas and oil can be
purchased in city.
CONCORD.-Municipal field, known as Concord Public
A vill,tion Field; located southeast of depot; railroad
on west; 1,575 feet east and west by 1,300 feet north
and south. Good, hard surface; good drainage; vineyard
on ·east; house, windmill and shed on north;
large hay field on south; no obstructions; supplies
available three blocks away.
21
CORNING.-Municipal field; operator, chamber of
Commerce; located one-half mile northwest of city;
" T" in center of field; size, 2,000 feet square. No
obstacles on field; town lies directly south and east;
orchard adjoining south and one adjoining north;
street and houses on west; on last State highway and
S. P. Ry. fences on all sides of field; water, lights,
and other conveniences at field ; sub base for Army
forest patrol.
CORONA.- Emergency field; located 4 miles. north of
the town. This field is used by airplanes that happen
to stop in emergency. This plot of ground is under
option to the school board for a new school site. The
size of field is 1,000 feet east and west by 800 feet
north and south; A. F. & S. F. R. R. on north; trees
on east; west, six telephone poles on south side of
field; condition, full of holes, gas and oil can be
purchased a few blocks away.
CORONADO.- Government; Rockwell Field. (See San
Diego.)
COTATI.-Emergency field, known as North Bay
Counties' Speedway; located adjoining city on
north; " T " in center of field; size, 2,400 by 1,200
feet; elevation, 460 feet; conditions good; gas and
oil can be purchased in city.
COTTONWOOD.-Emergency field; field to north of
town in open pasture; can take-off in every direction;
not smooth but safe; fuel available.
COURTLAND.- Emergency; large cultivated fields,
where landing could probably be made, but take-off
would be difficult owing to soft ground or growing
crops. Three miles southeast of town; gas and oil.
CRESCENT CITY.-Emergency field; known as Crescent
City Beach; operator, Del Norte Hotel, located
between city and ocean; size, 2,640 by 700 feet.
Sandy; level ; gas and oil can be purchased in city.
DAGGETT.- Emergency field; located 3 miles east of
town; size of field , 5CO by 700 feet. Flat stubble,
and is p lowed every y ear. Oil and gas can be obtained
in limited quantities.
Emergency field; field 225 by 600 feet; located onefourth
mile east from center of town, about to be
ditched for alfalfa. No sketch shown; in dry season
lake bed 2 miles from town available. ·
Emergency field; field shown located 1 mile northeast
of city ; operator, Government; 2,200 feet square.
Good condition; gas and oil can be purchased in city;
no sketch shown.
DELANO.-Emerge.1cy field, known as Wallace Brand
Field; located 2 miles east of town; marked.
DEL MAR.-Emergency field ; landing can be made on
golf course; no directions shown.
DEL MONTE.- Emergency field ; operator, Hotel Del
Monte. Polo grounds adjoining city on south; size,
2,000 by 500 feet; good condition; gas and oil cau be
purchased in city.
EL CENTRO.-Municipal field; known as Puryear
Field; oblong shape, 440 by 880 feet; 80 acres, very
rough. Tentative arrangements being made to level
field ; last plan te<;l. in corn; soft ground; exceptionally
good in dry weather; impossible to land in wet
weather; ground dries very quickly. North, trees 25
feet high; northwest corner, tree 25 feet high; west,
telephone wire 25 feet high; south, few houses 30 feet
high; oil and gas available in town.
ESCONDIDO.-Emergency field. Sketch shows that
landir,g can be made south of Roderick Mountain and
west of river. Obstacles on east of field high rocks;
can land in any direction; field very good, always
hard.
EUREKA.-Emergency field; known as Hill estate, adjoining
city on east; size, 1,200 by 600 feet. Condition,
good dry-weather field.
Also landing just west of town; long direction is
east and west; rather narrow· on west end but opens
out at east end. Trees on last prohibit take-off, so
west only clear for take-off.
F ALLBROOK.--Emergency field ; located 1 mile west
of town. The field is 300 by 900 fe ().t, rolling, with a
small knoll in center, but which does not interfere
with landing. Landing must be made in center and
lengthwise with field. Field slopes down to north
into gully and to south down to railroad embankment.
Soil is uncultivated and of firm, sandy foam.
Also field l! miles south of city known as Fallbrook
Field; operator, Mr. O'Neil; size, 1,800 by 500 feet;
just west of creek and S. F . R. R. Oil and gas can be
purchased in city.
FERRIS.-Emergency field; 30 acres. Good, wet; high
school field; one-fourth mile north; ·near school; between
railroad and boulevard; supplies; another field
1 mile southeast.
FORT BRAGG.-Emergency field; 1,200 feet square,
with finger on northwest corner, extending 800 or 1,000
feet farther. Prevailing wind northwest.
FRANKLIN.- Emergency field; tract of land adjoining
town and one-fourth mile southwest of railroad; church
in one corner.
FREEPORT.-Emergency field; 1,800 by 2,000 feet;
land-marks, two steel towers, 185 feet high, on each
side of-Sacramento River; west of town; gas and oil.
FRESNO.-Forkner municipal field; located 4 miles
northwest of city; size, 2,400 by 800 feet. Canal on
east and power line on north; wet-weather landing;
altitude, 293 feet; used as forest-patrol station and
Knox Mundorff Co.
Emergency field; field also about 5 miles north of
town and 1 mile east of Santa Fe tracks; large enough
to land and take off easily.
Emergency field; Fresno landing field; located
north of town about 2 or 3 miles. Railroad at the
southwest corner of field; very levEl, but well drained;
30-foot power line at north end of field; gas and ·oil
furnished by the Standard Oil Co., of Fresno; also
will come out to field if plane will circle around the
gas station ; size of field, 600 by 1,500 feet.
Emergency field; located 3} miles north of the city.
Santa Fe Railroad, one-half mile west of and parallel
to fiield; size of field, 60() by 1,200 feet; level, cultivated
country with numerous landing fields.
Emergency field, located 6 miles north of city.
"T" in center of fidd; size of field, 2,200 by 650 feet;
good condition,~wi1h all accommodations. .
22
GEORGETOWN.-Emergency; 1,800 by 3,000 feet, with
slight grade; 1 mile east of town; nearest railroad
18! miles; a large isolated hill eastern boundary;
gas and oil.
GRASS VALLEY.-Emergency; 400 by 2,000 feet, just
southwest of town; good wet or dry.
GRENADA.-Emugency field, located south and joining
town WEst of Southern Pacific Railroad. Field
800 by 2,000 feet, large enough in any direction for
any type of machine; absolutely le ,·el and smooth.
GRIDLEY.- Emergency_ field; 1 mile west of town,
very small. Contains se ,eral oak trnes; landing
must be made from north.
Commercial field; known as Freisley Field; operator,
Freisley Aircraft Co., located 3 miles south of
city. Hangar on field; size of field, 5,000 by 2,500
feet; good condition, with all acommodations.
HANFORD.- Emergency field; located one-half mile
west of city, in fair grounds; operator, King County;
size of field, 1,300 by 774 feet. Good condition; gas
and oil can be purchased in city.
HAYWARD.-Emergency field; operator not known;
located 2 miks south of city; si1,e, l ,fiOO by fiOO feet.
Good condition; "T " in center of field; gas and oil
can be purchased in city . -
HE:MET.- Emergency field; located 3 miles southeaAt
of town; size, 1,000 by 500 feet. Smooth and uncultivated,
with firm, sandy soil; country en route is
flat and open for 4 miles, then crossing low range of
hills for 2 milts; numerous emergency landing fields
in this "icinity; gas can be obtained in the city.
· Emergrncy field in Diamond Valley; located 3
miles south of town of Hemet; size 1,500 by 3,000
feet. Flat, smooth, cultivated, with firm soil; will
likely be used for grain ra~sing from February to
June; landing can be made in any direction; gas
can be obtained in Hemet.
HOLLISTER.-Commercial field; known as Twiner
Field; opuated by Hollister Aerial Trarsport Co.:
21 miles north of city; shape of a trnpezoid, 2,500 feet
north and .south and 3,000 feet east and west. The
field is situated in the center of the Yalley, composed
of hayfield and orchards; excellent conditions; windmill
and tank at southeast corner of field; gas can be
obtained at Hollister.
HOLLYWOOD.-Commercial field; knowP as De Mille
Field No. 2; operator, Mercury Aviation Co.; rectangular,
600 by 1,800 feet; direction of long ax.is east
and west. "T" on field and hangar; no obstructions
on any side, ex<;:epting hangar on north side; located
on Wilshire Boulevard directly west of Los Angeles
and south of Hollywood; south of oil wells; all
accommodations; field open to all pilots.
HOLTVILLE.-Emergency; 2,500 feet square; near town
on southeast; another field farther southeast.
INDIO.-Ewergency field; dry lake, 3,000 feet; 7- miles
west of town; just south of Davis date ranch. Excellent
conditio::i; gas and oil at Davis ranch.
KELSO.-Emergency fie ld; route between Salt Lake City
and Los Angeles. ·
LAKE POST.- Emergency field : owner not known;
located just east of town, 2,200 feet square. Good
condition; gas and oil can be purchased in town.
LAKE TAHOE.- Commercial ; 2,000 by 1,000 feet, lt
miles from Tallac Hotel. Marked with large white
circle and word " Tallac;" smooth surface; altitude,
6,225 feet.
LANCASTER.- Emergency field; south of town 3
miles, and on the east side of railroad track; only
practical field in this vicinity; is a hayfield l ,200 by
700 feet, sloping in the middle, and is a very safe
landing; gas and oil can be obtained at the north end
of town.
LEBEC.- Emergency; near small lake near town; via
Ridge route from Los Angeles to Bakersfield.
LITTLE ROCK.- Emergency field. Sketch shows that
landing can be made north of town, just north of
highway and east of Southern Pacific Railroad .
LONG BEACH.- Municipal field; known as Dirngherty
Flying Field; operator; Ed. S. Daugherty School of
Aviation; about 1 mile north of town. Pacific
electric line on east side ; abou 2,000 feet long east
and west, 200 feet wide: Pacific Ocean 11 miles
south; hangars on southern side of field; few trees a
few hundred feet on north side of field; trolley wires
about 300 feet east of landing strip; telephone on
field; installing radio; all accommodations.
Emergency field; known as Daugherty Field;
located 4 miles north of city; size, 2,000 by 400
feet. Trees on south and west; public library on
west; good condition, gas and oil available.
LOS ANGELES.-Commercial field, knoWP as Kinner
Airport; operator, Kinner Airplane & Motor Corporation;
located 8 miles sou th east of city; high-tension
wires on east of field, poles about 40 feet high; Southern
Pacific Railroad on west; small pump plant
Porthwest corner of field; Huntington Park 3 miles
north; dimensions of field, 1,800 feet long north and
south by 600 feet east and west; two paved boulevards
direct to Los Angeles; all accommodations; conditions
good.
Municipal fields; known as Rogers Airport; operator,
Rogers Aircraft (Inc.); has been tendered as a
municipal field. These fields are 6 miles northwest of
the city. Field No. 1, east to west, 2,900 feet; north
to south, 1,400 feet. Field No. 2, east to west, 1; 750
feet; north to south, 800 feet. (See Fig. 27.) Level
ground, gently sloping to west. Excellent boulevard
separates fields 1 and 2. Telephone on field. These
fields are located in an open country; will make good
emergency fields all around. All accommodations on
fields.
LOS GATOS.__:_Emergency field; fairly good fields in
vicinity; no specified field mentioned.
:MADERA.-Emergency field; located on north of Madera;
size, 1,800 by 1,000 feet; long axis southeast to
northwest. Field no.t marked; house and fence on
west; telephone line on south side; houses on southeast
corner; supplies available.
23
MARKLEEVILLE.-Emergeucy field; located in city
limits; size, 5,280 by 1,320 feet; condition, sandy soil;
elevation, 5,600 feet; gas and oil can be purchased in
city.
MARYSVILLE.-Emergency field; located about 1 mile
north of center of town inside of race track; length of
field about 6,600 ft .; width about 1,800 ft. Field
runs north and south, but is large enough; south end
of field is fringed by trees 25 to 30 feet high; north
end has telephone wire crossing it; gas and oil can be
purchased in city; "T " in center of field.
MAXWELL.-Emergency field; located 2! miles east of
city. Cross on field; size, 5,280 by 3,960 feet ; good
conditions; gas and oil can be purchased in city.
MECCA.-Emergency field. There is a good landing
field east of town about one-half mile, but the soil is
-sandy and soft. Mecca is located at the bend of the
Southern Pacific Railroad, just northwest of the Sal-
. ton Sea. The valley here is 200 feet below sea levei.
MERCED.- Emergency.
MILLS.- Emergency ; Mather Field; 1 mile south; gas
and oil; river 1 mile north of town.
MODESTA.- Municipal aviation field; operator, city of
Modesta. This field adjoins city on south. A lime
'"T," four-ship h?,ngar, and sock on field; shape of
field rectangular, 2,200 by 400 feet, long axis northwest
and southeast. West of Southern Pacific Railroad
track and on north bank of Tuolumne River onehalf
mile west of State highway and railway reservation.
MOJAVE.- Emergency field. This field is directly west
of town, 1,000 by 600 feet. Landing can be effected
in almost any direction, the narrow way being east and
west. Railroad track on east; shallow wash on south
side; house on north.
MURDOCK ROGER LAKE.- Emergencyfield. Landing
can be made in Mojave desert.
MONTAGUE.-Governmental field, located one-fourth
mile south of city. "T" in center of field; size, 1,800
by 650 feet; conditions good; all accommodations;
subbase for Army forest patrol.
NATOMA.- Emergency; at Folsam, 1-,l; miles north of
town. " Natoma" painted on both sides of barn; gas
and oil. ·
NEEDLES.-Municipal field; located 4 miles north of
city on west bank of river; 2,600 feet square. Conditions
good; good oil and gas can be purchased in city.
Emergency field; located lt miles south of town; size
of field , 230 feet east and west by. 800 feet north
and south. Fairly smooth, slightly up grade toward
south line; fence on south line; telephone along
road, also cemetery, on east, which is to be
removed. City will assist in every way possible that
the Government may direct. Communicate for further
information with Mr. T. D. Baker, of Needles.
NEV ADA CITY.-Emergency field ; about 3 miles from
town in direct line with Grass Valley; is qu1.te large;
numerous obstructions, however, such as tall trees.
This field was formerly used as race track.
NEWMAN.- Commercial field ; known as Canal Landing
Field; size, 4,000 by 1,000 feet, longest axis north and
south. Easily distinguished by canal on east side;
telephone wire on southern end of field; bounded on
all sides by a barbed wire fence;· trees on the extreme
northern end; field located 2 m:Ies west of town. It
is necessary to hire a guard to watch the plane, if the
pilot intends staying overnight.
OAKLAND.-Commercial field; known as Durant Field ;
operator, Mr. Cliff Durant; located 5 miles south of
city; size of field, 1,300 by 2,000 feet; length east and
west. Marked by 300-foot white circle; no high obstructioos
around field ; a high-tension line about 900
feet from west end of field, but good country to land
in to the west and south of field ; all accommodations
on field; additional hangar space being constructed.
ONTARIO.-Commercial field ; known as Latimer Field ;
field adjoining city on west. "T" in center of field;
size, 5,280 by 700 feet ; conditions good; all accomodations.
OROVILLE.- Emergency field; known as Riley Field;
operator, Riley Bros.; located 4 miles south of town,
west of Southern Pacific Railroad. Very large and
rough; easily located, having one lone tree at north
encl of field marked with 50-foot circle; good condition.
Gas can be purchased in city.
PALM DALE.-Municipal field; operator, city; located
one-half mile west of city; 1,800 by 600 feet. Good
condition; all accommodations;, "T " in center of
field .
Emergency field; known as Palmdale Field ; one-half
mile southwest of town; one-fourth mile west of
S. P. R. R. track. Size, 2,000 by 1,000 feet.
Wet-weather land .
PETALUMA.- Emergency field. There is one long,
nanow field south of town next to slaughterhouse and
between two roads; east of main concrete road leading
into town from south; field fairly good; some long
g.rass.
PASADENA.-Municipal field; rectangular shape, 800
by l ,500 feet; length north and south; operator, Mercury
Aviation Co. Field known· as De Mille Field
No. 3. This field located southeast of city; under the
large " T" on side of mountain; best marked field in
United States; no obstruction on any side, excepting
.hangars on northeast corner; landing good in wet
weather.
Commercial field ; 1,800 by 400 feet; 3 miles northeast
of city. Trees on north, east, and west; boulevard
on south; all accommodations.
PALO ALTO.- Emergency field; on Stanford University
parade grounds; size, 2,000 by 500 feet. Good
cond1tion; gas and oil can be purchased in city.
Emergency field ; operator, Altadena Country Club:
located northeast of town; car line north of field; a
few trees around the field; surrounded on the west and
north by golf links; sloping to the south; several small
washes running the length of field; field is rectangular
in shape, 800 by 1,500 feet; long axis north and south.
Commercial field; known as Sierra Airdrome; operator,
Sierra Aircraft Co., 43 East Gree_1 Street, Pasadena;
located 3! miles east of city. This field is
triangular in shape, 1,800 by 2, 000 by 2,700 feet. A
high bluff on east; telephone wire and trees along road
on south; Villa Road on west; a low fence on north;
safe landing can always be made.
24
POINT LOMA.-Emergency field; an emergency field ROCKLIN.-Emergency field. Reported a good field
reported at this place. north of town.
POLARIS.-Emergency; plane landed in distress 1 mile
north.
POMONA.-Emergency field; known as Herron Field;
operat-0r, Herron Bros. This field is 2,500 by 5,280 feet;
length northeast and southwest; located 1 mile due
west from center of city. Two railroads on north;
high range of hills on south; orchard and city on east;
filling station one-eighth mile distant.
POTERVILLE.-Emergency field ; known as Wilko
Mentz Field; located 3 miles southeast of Poterville
and 2 miles east of Pois; a small flag station on the
Southern Pacific Railroad; size, about 2,640 by 3,960
feet; length of field north and south. Field surrounded
on two sides by orange groves south and west;
north side by river, east by hills:
QUINCY.-Emergency field; north of depot on spur·
track into town; irregular shaped field; long enough
for De Haviland plane. Grass on field high enough
to cause trouble in getting off; ditch in field can be
avoided.
RAMONA.-Emergency field. Landing can be made
;est of railroad north of town.
RED BLUFF.-Governmental field. Forest patrol
station; located 1 mile southwest of city; size 3,000
by 3,000 feet. Soft when extremely wet.
Emergency field ; known as Bidwell Field; located
2 miles southwest of city; size 2,000 by 800 feet. Gas
and oil can be purchased in city. There are numerous
good emergency fields in this vicinity.
REDDING.-Emergency field; rectangular shape, 3,000
by 500 feet; length east and west. Field is located
north of town on the Sacramento River and between
the river and the Southern Pacific Railroad. A bridge
and dam are just opposite.
Municipal field; located southwest in city limits
upon plateau; rectangular shape, 2,000 by 1,000 feet.
Field marked; supplies available. There are several
good emergency fields reported in this -vicinity.
REDWOOD.-Commercial field; known as Redwood
Aviation Field (Lynet Estate); adjoining city on
north; size about 200 acres. Power line on southwest
side; telephone on northeast and west end ;' no
obstruction for 2 miles except fence on border; now
has shed to house five planes; arrow on rolled way;
all accommodations available.
RICH.-Emergency field; landing can be made in Mohave
desert around city.
RICHMOND.-Emergency; tlu·ee or four emergency
fields around.
RIO VISTA.-Emergency field; located 1 mile north
of city; 2,200 feet square. Good condition; gas and
oil can be purchased in city.
RITZVILLE.-Emergency; 1,400 by 600 feet; one-half
mile southwest of town; good; altitude, 1,800 feet;
road on north; railroad and telephone wire to southeast;
prevailing wind southwest; circle in center;
supplies in town.
RIVERSIDE.-United States Government field, known
as March Field; located 14 miles southeast of city;
size, 6,000 by 4,000 feet. Good condition; all accommodations.
RODLAND.-Municipal ; 750 by 1,800 feet; good; 11
miles -northwest of town; one-half mile north of pumping
station; supplies; altitude, 1,356 feet.
ROSEDALE.-Emergency field; located 10 miles north
of San Diago and 6 miles south of Camp Kearny,
just west of Murray Canyon; conditions not reported.
SACRAMENTO.- Government field; known as Mather
Field ; located 14 miles east of city; size, 6,400 feet
by 4,300 feet. Conditions good; all accommodations.
ST. ELMO.-Emergency field; landing can be made 7
miles east of town in dry lake bed; size of field as
shown by sketch is 3 by 4 miles. No facilities reported.
SAN BERNARDINO.-Emergency field; located It
miles south of city; size of field, 2,000 feet square.
City on north; lake on west; highway and street car
line on east; good conditions; oil and gas can be purchased
in city.
SAN CARLOS.-Commercial field; known as San Carlos
Field ; operator, Walter Varney. Adjoining city on
west; size, 3,000 by 1,500 feet. Good condition;
all accommodations.
SAN DIEGO.-Government field; known as Rockwell
Field, located on North Island, northwest of city.
Entire island used as aviation camp; conditions good,
with all accommodations.
Naval air station-seaplane and airplane; letter
from D'Orcy.
SAN FERNANDO.-Emergency field, located about
1 mile northwest of town, between lake and railroad
track. Field is narrow, lying north and south,
marked with "T"; fuel available.
Emergency field; located 5 miles no~thwest of city;
size 2,000 by 1,200 feet. This field is a flat stubble
field with two small washes on east side, but do not
bother a landing. Fuel can be obtained from city,
and also will be brought out by Standard Oil Co.
SAN FRANCISCO.-Government field; known as Presidio
of San Francisco; size, 2,000 by 600 feet. This
field is west of Fine Art Palace, which is on the n~rthern
side of San Francisco on the shore of the bay, and
on the northwest corner of the Presidio. Large "T"
always points in the right direction. This is regular
Government landing field, with supplies at hand.
Government field ; known as Marina Field, located
north of Crissy Field. "J'" in center of field, size,
3,000 by 1,000 feet; good conditions, with all accommodations.
Commercial field; at Marina Exposition Grounds,
located one-half mile west of Fort Mason along edge
of bay; about 1,500 feet east and west and about 500
feet north and south . - Surface smooth, with a cement
road across north and south in the middle of field;
gas and oil at field in a small house built for that
purpose.
Government field, known as Crissy Field; operator,
U. S.AirService; locatedonnorthwestedgeofcity
adjoining Presidio and ocean; eize, 1,200 by 650 feet.
All accommodations on field .
25
SAN .TUAN.-Emergency field; landing can be Jnade
in hayfield west of San Diego-Los Angeles Highway.
A small creek on the north side; high ba.nk on west;
landing made best from south.
SAN .TOSE.-Commercial field; operator, Garden City
Aviation Co. ; size, 650 by 1,800 feet; located It miles
from east line city limits, 2 miles east of Coyote
Creek, and on paved road running due east from
center of city. Field across roa.d from garage and on
car line and paved road; trees on south of field;
landing can be made at all times.
Emergency fie ld; about 3 miles from center of
town and lies on north side of the main highway,
which passes through the center-of town. · This fie ld
is on high ground near the foothills and is probably
suitable to land in any weather; there are trees on
south and west sides, very high on south, but low on
west. Field over one-ha.If mile square. There is a
graveyard across the road west of field.
Emergency field; located inside the city limits on
the north side of town. It lies on the west side of
mai~ highway, the street car line and pavement just
north of field . The field is small, with trees on all
sides; high-tension tower on the west and telegraph
wire on the east; the field is longest east and west,
but is best to take-off from one corner toward the
other; oil and gas can be obtained by calling Standard
Oil Co.
~AN LEANDRO.- Emergency field. Fairly good fields;
possible landings can be made.
S~N LUIS REY (MISSION).-Emergenc.y field;
landing can be made about 1 mile northwest of the
town; muddy in wet weather.
SAN MATEO.- Emergency field; fairly g0<;>d; possible
landings can be made.
Emergency; Varney Field; on highway and railroad;
southeast of town between town and speedway;
high-tension line on side next to bay; fence along
southeast side; rough; oil and gas at field.
SANTA ANA.-Emergency field; located lz miles south
from city; about 1,600 feet square. Telephone wire
and roads along the east side; road and house on south
and road on west.. For further information, communicate
with mayor or chamber of commerce.
SANTA BARBARA.- Commercial field , known as
Laughead Seaplane Station; for seaplanes only.
SANTA CLARA.-Emergency field, adjoining city on
north; size, 2,000 feet square. Conditions good; gas
and oil can be purchased in city.
SANTA MONICA.- Clover field. Federally controlled
airdrome; operator, U. S., A. S. Located 2! miles
inland on Santa Monica Bay; 27,000 feet square; all
accommodations.
Municipal field ; known as Catron & Fiske; located
about 2 miles southeast of city and 3 miles due east
from ocean; 2,600 feet square. Bordered on north
and east by trees, surrounding country very level,
and many other fields that landing can be made with
safety; gas and oil within 2 miles, with good road.
Municipal field; known as Los Angeles County Airdrome;
located on the Ballona Road No. 2, just off
the National Boulevard and 10 miles west of intersec- .
tion of West Adams and Vermont Avenues in Los
Angeles, in city limits of Santa Monica; 173 acres
square. Trees on north; country generally flat with no
unfavorable obstruction in immediate vicinity; hangars
for use of planes of the field only.
SAWTELLE.- Emergency; Catron & Fiske Field; no
hangar; excellent field; plenty of room; southwest of
town, west of Los Angeles Speedway; high trees on
east and north of field .
SELBY.- Municipal; for air mail; west of town; railroad
and highway run east and west; supplies.
SHINGLE SPRINGS.- Emergency; 4,500 feet north
and south by 900 feet east and west; one-half mile
west of town . Highway on south; railroad on north;
level; hard; smooth; altitude, 1,000 feet.
SIERRA MADRE~- Emergency field, located southwest
of city; about 1,800 feet square. Santa Fe Railroad
on south; Villa Road on west; row of oak trees
on north; in good condition and landing can be made
in any direction.
SLATINGTON.- Emergency; many suitable landing
places; supplies.
SOLEDAD.-Emergency field; located between False
Bay and Soledad Mountain. Good condition.
SONORA.- Emergency field; located 2 miles northwest
of town; size, about 1,200 feet square. The American
Legion used this field three days in 1920 and had no
trouble in landing and taking off; condition of field
very good the year around .
SPADRA.-Emergency field; located 3 miles west of
Pomona and 1 mile north of the Boulevard; it lies
at the foot of a hill and is bounded on south by a wash;
field about 800 by 3,000 feet; it is a slightly sloping
stubble field. The country is generally level, is
densely covered with orange groves, and landing fields
are few.
STOCKTON.- Emergency field, located in race track
southeast of city; rather low and wet in rainy weather,
but arrangements have been made to drain. Fuel
available on field.
Commercial field, known as Stockton Aviation
Center (or Farris Field); operator, F . W. Farris.
Field located 3 miles northwest of town, just north
of Caloveras River. Hangar on south side of field.
Small farmhouse on east; this field is an egg shape,
2,500 feet east and west by 2,000 feet n01th and
south. Supplies available in town.
Commercial field, known as Poond Field, loca.ted
l! miles northwest of city. "T" in center of field;
size, 1,800 by 650 feet. Good condition; all accommodations.
SUISUN.-Emergency field, located 1 mile northeast of
town; just south of railroad track; small creek on
east; fence on north; railroad and telegraph poles on
west; road on south. Field about 1 mile square.
Supplies can be obtained in Fairfield west of field.
SUNSHINE WELL.-Emergency field. Landing can
be made southwest of town in dry lake bed; road
to St. Elmo on north; road to Haynes on east.
SUSANVILLE.-Emergency; large tracts of level
country around; much sagebrush on these tracts;
desirable field for landing on northeast side of town.
26
TAFT.-Emergency field ; on east side of highway north of
town; two-way field only, east and west; wires west
and north sides; field is used for garbage dump of
town; watch for brush and gopher holes; oil and gas
from Standard Oil Co.
TALLAC.-Commercial field, known as Tallac Field, adjoining
city on east; size, 3,000 by 2,500 feet. Conditions
poor. Gas and oil can be purchased in city.
TEHACHAPI.- Emergency field. (No information
given.)
TEMECULA.-Emergency field, located southwest of
town; size, 1,500 by 1,000 feet. This is an alfalfa
field used as pasture for cattle; cultivated valley land
on either side suitable for landing. Gas and oil can be
obtained in town.
TRACY.--Emergency; 1,600 by 1,100 feet, between railroad
branch and six big tanks and water tower.
TRUCKEE.-Emergency; gas and oil; 3 miles northwest
on N. G. R. R. On highway also ; summit of Sierras
west of town; town is in a hollow with river on south;
600 by 2,000 feet- covered with snow in winter;
10,000 feet will clear highest peak, still an altitude of
15,000 feet should be kept.
TULARE.-Emergency field. Landing can be made in
this vicinity. Extreme care should be taken, however,
as the country is very sandy.
UNIVERSAL CITY.-Emergency field ; Brand Field,
owned and operated by Mr. Brand. Landings north
and south, best from south; trees and wires at south end;
cement hangar in northeast corner; white house (looks
like a lime castle) on northwest; gas and oil at field.
VENICE.- Commercial field; operator, Thos. H. Ince,
located southeast of town; size, 1,200 feet east and
west by 400 feet north and south. This field is surrounded
by railroads; hangar and fence on north, canal
west, and ditch on south; facilit.ies on field ; has been
used for landing field for a number of years; rather
small but not difficult to land.
Other fields in this vicinity. Field on southern
edge of city is very small; landing can be made east
to west.
VENTURA.-Emergency field; located between city
and ocean; size, 2,000 by 250 feet. Condition poor;
oil and gas can be purchased in city.
VICTORVILLE.-Emergency;. on route from Salt Lake
City to Los Angeles, Calif. Reported by N. A.,
May, 1921.
VISALIA.-Governmental field; located 1 mile northwest
of city; size, 2,000 by 500 feet. Hangar on field;
all accommodations; subbase for Army forest patrol.
WARNER SPRING.-Emergency field ; located 3 miles
west of Warner Spring Hotel on main road to Riverside;
bounded on south by creek and trees; unimproved
road running across field.
WILLOWS.-Emergency field ; adjoining city on west;
size, 1,200 feet square. Good conditions; gas and oil
can be purchased in city.
WILMINGTON.-Commercial field : Smith Aircraft Co.;
It miles west of town; 2,000 by 1,000 feet, along the
boulevard. Hangar; good any weather.
WINCHESTER.-Emergency field; known as Domenigoni
Field ; located 3 miles south of Winchester, which
is only a station and 8 miles southwest of Hamet.
Large, flat, smooth cultivated field. The only obc
struction in en tire field is a gully in southeastern
corner. Soil is firm sandy loam; other emergency
landing fields are numerous and may be made from
any point; oil and gas can be purchased in the town
of Hamet:.
WOODLAND.-Commercial field; known as Yalo Fliers'
Club; also operator; located 51 miles west of city;
"T" in_ center of field ; size, 3,960 by 2,000 feet. Good
condition. Field used by U. S. Aerial Mail Service
and by Mather Field, of Sacramento. The land is
used fora golf and country club. All accommodations.
There are numerous other fields in this vicinity for
emergency landings.
YOSEMITE.-Emergency; National Park Field.
YREKA.-Emergency field ; located one-half mile south
of city; white cross in center of field; size, 1,800 by
300 feet. Good conditions; gas and oil can be purchased
in city.
YUMA.-Emergency; on route between Salt Lake City
and Los Angeles; by N. A., May, 1921.
LANDING FACILITIES IN COLORADO.
AGUILAR.:__Em~rgency field; good field 20 miles north
of Trinidad, Colo.
AKRON.- Emergency field; leased by chamber of commerce
; 800 fee't square; one-half mile southwest cif
city. Landmark, city; condition good; altitude, 4,300
feet; all accommodations.
ASPEN.- Pitkins Co., fair grounds, one-half mile north
of city, in center of race track; 1,034 by 330 feet.
Landmarks, race track, and fair buildings; condition
good ; altitude, 7,800 feet; supplies available in city.
BOULDER.-Owner, N. H . Silliman; emergency field,
1,900 feet sq uare; 2} miles northeast of city. Landmark,
farm buildings; condition good ; altitude, 5,300
feet; supplies available in city.
BUENA VISTA.-Municipal field ; 2,640 by 1,300 feet;
1 mile southwest, lt miles northwest of State reform
institution near railroad; 1 mile west of river. Marker
east and west; alti tude, 7,900 feet.
CANON CITY.- Emergency field; leased by chamber of
commerce. Field, 2;200 feet sq uare; 1 mile south of
city . White cross in center of field; condition good;
~ltitude, 5,343 feet; supplies available in city.
CHEYENNE.-Emergency field; operatorunknown;field
1,000 feet squ'are; adjoining city on south. Condition
good; altitude, '.1,000 feet; supplies available in city.
COLORADO SPRINGS.-Commercial field ; 2,400 by
1,800 feet; northeast city limits, near railroad; house
on south side field; telephone wire on northeast and
west; service and supplies available.
27
Commercial field; 4,000 by 3,600 feet, adjoining
city on north; hotel and lake on south; hangars, and
"T" in center of field; condition good; altitude, 6,100
feet; all accommodations.
CORTEZ.- Commercial field; 900 feet square, adjoining
city on southwest. Landmarks, fair buildings and
grandstand; conditions good; altitude, 6,000 feet;
supplies available in city.
CREEDE.- Commercial field; 2,000 by 800 feet; 1-!
miles south of city. Landmarks, city on north, river
on south; hangars, and "T" in center of field ; conditions
good; altitude, 8,700 feet; supplies avaiiable
in city. ,.
CRESTED BlJTTE.-Commercial field; 4,000 by 3,000
feet; adjoining city on south. Conditions good;
altitude 8,800 feet ; supplies availab1e in cit.v.
DE BEQUE.-Emergency fields in vicinity.
DENVER.- Commercial field; 1,800 feet square; 5 miles
northeast State capital, 2-z .miles no.rtheast city park;
race track one-quarter mile south of college; white
hangar on southeast corner; supplies available; altitude,
5,300 feet.
DURANGO.---Commercial field; 1,300 by 600 feet; 1
mile north of city. Grandstand on east; condition
good; altitude, 6,550 feet; supplies available in city.
EADS.-Emergency field; 5,000 feet ; adjoining city on
north. Condition good; altitude, 4,000 feet; supplies
available in city.
EAGLE.- Emergency field ; Johnson Bros.' ranch ; t by
l! miles by river in canyon one-quarter mile east
of town. National Aircraft Underwriters' Association.
ENGLEWOOD.-Emergency field; 160_ acres; 4 miles
from Denver. The land is rolling, practically l~vel
on top; barb-wire fence all around the field ; telephone
wire along toad on the north and east; altitude,
called 1 mile; supplies available in Denver.
ESTES PARK.-Commercial field; 2,400 by 600 feet.
Hangar and marker; supplies available; altitude,
7,500 feet.
FORT COLLINS.- Emergency field; 2,640 by 1,980 feet,
3! miles west of city. College on south, city on east.
Condition good; altitude, 5,000 feet; supplies available
in city.
FORT MORGAN.-Emergency field; dry tract of land;
has been used for landing.
GLENWOOD SPRINGS.-Emergency field; 2,100 by
660 feet; adjoining city on south. Condition good
altitude, 5,700 feet; supplies available in city.
GRAND JUNCTION.-Municipal field; 60 acres square.
Good wet weather land; altitude, 4,500 feet.
Chamber of commerce; emergency field; one-half
mile long, one-quarter mile wide. Small ditch across
north end; level field; drains quickly; altitude, 4,500
feet; no shelter on field; supplies available.
GYPSUM.- Emergency fields.
HUGO.-Emergency; rolling country; many good fields
can be used. (Lieut. Webber, A~g. 10/22.)
l(OBE.- Emergency; field level; country good for emergency
landing.
LAMAR.- Operator unknown; emergency field; 2,640
feet square; 3 miles south of city. Reservoir on north;
condition good ; supplies available in city.
Emergency field; one-half mile square; 3 miles;
south of city. Level north and south; gentle slope
from east to west; sandy soil; drainage good; altitude,
3,720 feet; supplies available in city. Reported by
postmaster July 31, 1922.
LEADVILLE.-Emergency field; 2,300 by 1,800 feet;
one-quarter mile north of city. Condition good;
altitude, 10,200 feet; supplies available in city.
MALTA.-Emergency; level fields.
MEEKER.- Emergency field; 1,100 by 500 feet. Good; ·
adjoining city on north, river on west, altitude, 6,240
feet; supplies available in city.
MONTROSE.- Emergency field; 7,920 by 2,640 feet;
good; 1 mile southwest of city; river on west; altitude,
6,000 feet ; supplies available in city.
NEW CASTLE.- Emergency; level fields.
PUEBLO.-Municipal field; 2,000 feet; good; adjoining
city on south. Sandy soil; drainage good; dries
quickly; no shelter on field; altitude, 4,685 feet;
supplies available in city.
RAW PRAIRIE.-Emergency .field; 2,000 feet east and
west by 1,300 feet north and south. Gently undulating;
drainage good; medium smooth; altitude, 4,281
feet; no shelter on field; supplies available in city;
railroad and telegraph line north; electric line onehalf
mile to south.
SAGUACHE.-Emergency field; 2,500 by 1,000 feet;
2 miles west of city. Altitude, 7,800 feet; supplies
available in city; not 'usable now on account of
prairie dog holes and rocks. Report, March 8, 1922.
SALIDA.- Emergency field; 1,600 feet square; adjoining
city on west. River on west; city on east; condition
good; altitude, 4,000 feet; supplies available in
city.
SAN LUIS.-Emergency field; 4,000 by 1,000 feet;
adjoining city on east. River on north; mesa on east;
condition good; altitude, 7,000 feet; supplies available
in city.
TRINIDAD.- Commercial field; 1,038 by 2,600 feet;
good, wet weather; one-fourth mile east near hospital,
between highway and railroad. Hangar and marker;
supplies available; altitude, 6,000 feet.
WOLCOTT.-Emergency; level fields.
LANDING FACILITIES IN CONNECTICUT.
ANSONIA.- Emergencyfield; operator unknown; rectangular
field, 200 by 200 feet north and south. Marked by
cloth tree; level sandy field with good drainage ; high
trees all around field; just possible to get a " DH" in
field; supplies from Standard Oil Co.; 100 feet above
sea level; field on east side of town, on bank of Naugatuck
River.
· BRADFORD.-Emergency field. Letter from John P.
Callahan, postmaster, Bradford, in letter dated March
14, 1922, states there is no Air Service in Bradford.
BRIDGEPORT.- Municipal field; located 3 miles from
town on Long Island Sound; 1,200 by 3,000 or 4,000
feet, and has no obstacles except two wires and low
trees on north; near lighthouse; three-way fine field.
28
BRISTOL.-Emergency field. Mr. George L. Bradford,
of Clarksburg, W. Va., reports field here, 1 mile east
of town, one-fourth mile north from Bristol Brass
Works; 2,000 feet long by 1,000 feet wide. Very rolling
on east end; west end good for landing any type
plane.
DANBURY.-Emergency field. ML · George L. Bradford,
of Clarksburg, W. Va., reports that Tucker Field,
2 miles west of town and southwest of fair grounds,
is fairly good field; low field and fairly level ; swampy
on south end; very hilly fields around here, small and
surrounded by rock walls; good for DH.
HARTFORD.-Municipal ; owned by city---0perated by
Hartford Aviation Commission. Good for any. type
plane, including seaplanes. Information from J. B.
Stimmon, Aetna Life Insurance Co., Hartford, Conn.
Sandy clay soil; drainage excellent; sodded; condition
fine after heavy rain; 27 feet above sea level;
acco=odation hangars are under construction; excellent
roads; supplies available in town; located on
west bank of river; partially bordered by trees on
south and west side; high brick structure with high
smokestacks warning; high-tension wires cross river
on 75-foot towers; field located just south of town;
3,200 feet north and south by 1,800 feet on north and
700 feet on south.
Seaplane; 12 to 14 feet water; mud bottom; good
beaching facilities; 14-foot tide; marked by Hartford
Travelers tower, 507 feet; supplies of all kinds at
Hartford Aviation Field, 2 miles south of city.
NEW HAVEN.- Emergency.
NEW LONDON.-Emergency field; known as Mitchell
Field ; next to New London ball field. Field almost
square; slope from east to west; surface dry; graveyard
at east end, hedge about 4 feet high; west side,
trees 20 to 30 feet high; north and south sides street,
houses,and wireR; supplies from Naval Air Forces;
field northwest side of city.
Emergency field; owned by Hotel Griswold, Graton,
Conn.; oval golf field on shore of long Island. Well
sodded ; 20 feet above sea level; no shelter for planes
· available; good macadamized rnads; gas available
from hotel garage, one-fourth mile from golf club.
PAWCATUCK.-Plenty of fields large enough, but one
would have to be very careful to avoid granite bowlders,
which are there in large numbers and sizes.
PUTNAM.- Emergency; 4 miles east of south of town;
between railroad to Willimantic and Quinebaug
·River.
STANFORD.- Emergency; in city.
WATERBURY.- Emergency. Mr. George L. Bradford,
of Clarksburg, W. Va., reports field in valley
near depot. Waterbury Aviation Co. using field at
present.
LANDING FACILITIES IN DELAWARE.
MIDDLETOWN.- Emergency field, 2,000 by 900 feeet.
Level; some ruts at end away from town; adjoining
town on southwest; surrounded by fences and hedges;
no supplies available; no accommodations.
NEW CASTLE.- Emergency field; rectangular; longer
north and south; sod surface, and excellent drainage;
altitude, 80 feet. No obstacles except building at end
of field; marker; northeast of New Castle 1~ miles;
supplies available in city; landing for all seaplanes;
no protected anchorage; no beach; swift current
around wharves. Communicate with Mr. John B.
Briggs, New Castle, Dela.
LANDING FACILITIES IN
BOLLING FIELD.- Government; operated by Army
Air Service units; about 3 miles southeast of Washington,
at the forks of the Potomac River, opposite the
War College. All accommodations; supplies on field;
altitude, 30 feet; hangars on southeast end of field.
PORTERS.-Emergency field; 1,300 by 1,100 feet; 1~
miles north of city. Slightly rolling; drainage good;
altitude, 200 feet.
REHOBOTH BEACH.-Emergency. Aeronautical
Chamber of Commerce of America. Bell; September,
1922.
WILMINGTON.- Emergency field. Good; North and
south runway on golf course of Wilmington Country
Club, which is just northwest of the city.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
ANACOSTIA AIR STATION.-Adjacent to Bolling
Field, for seaplanes; operated by Bureau of Aeronautics
of Navy Department. All acco=odations.
LANDING FACILITIES IN FLORIDA.
ALVA.-Emergency field; not marked; 65 miles southeast
of Arcadia. No supplies available.
ARCADIA.-Formerly DORR FIELD; Government
field; 1 mile square; 15 miles east of Arcadia. No
obstructions in or around field.
BALDWIN.-Emergency field; landing has been made
in field full of stumps.
BARTOW.-Municipal field; 1,200 by 2,200 feet; 2 miles
east of town. Marked by white cross; demands
careful landing; trees on three sides; open on fourth;
supplies available. Bartow Golf Links is being used
by a ·private concern.
AVON PARK.-Emergency field; one-half mile north •
and south by one-fourth mile east and west; 3 miles
west of town and 35 miles northeast of Arcadia.
Marked by a cross; surrounded by orange groves and
timber; supplies available; altitude, 185 feet.
BELLAN HEIGHTS.-Co=ercial seaplane. Aeronautic
Chamber of Commerce of America. Bell,
September, 1922.
29
BONIFAY.-Emergency field; owner unknown; 900 by GREEN COVE SPRINGS.-Good landing for all sea-
660 feet; one-half mile southwest of town. Very soft at planes; protected anchorage on either side of steam-all
times; no accommodations on field; supplies avail- boat landing; gas and oil available from garage by
able; altitude, 120 feet. For further information ad- truck to wharf; 1 to 2 foot tide; no current; no sup-dress
mayor. plies.
BRADENTOWN.-Emergency field; not marked; 60 HAMPTON SPRINGS.-Emergency field. Two or
miles northeast of Arcadia. Supplies available in three planes have made landing on hotel golf ground.
town· Information from postmaster.
BROOKVILLE.-Emergency field; owner unknown;
HOBE SOUND.- Emergency field; operator unknown;
field situated about4 miles east of the town in a hollow.
Lake on north; trees on other sides; altitude, 500 feet; north of hotel near.the beach; about lOO by 1,500 feet.
Marked by white star in circle; trees on all sides; fuel
supplies available; reported too wet for landing. supplies available upon request. Forfurther informa-
DAYTON A.-Emergency field; owner unknown; a nar- tion communicate with postmaster.
row strip of hard sand along the ocean on the east side
of the city. No accommodations on field; supplies CAMP JOHNSON.-Emergency field; United ·states
available;haabeen usedsuccessfullyanumberofyears. Government rifle range; 3,000 by 1,000 feet; 11 miles
Beach; municipal seaplane landing on Halifax from Jacksonville. Flat and very hard; camp just
River, near yacht club; runway and turning plate; south of field; St. Johns River just east of field; sup-supplies.
plies available in Jacksonville. For further informaDE
FUNIAK SPRINGS.- Emergency field; owner un- t~on communicate with Gen. C. P. Lowell, St. Augus--
known; 825 feet square; one-fourth mile north of town. , KE trne, Fla._ . . . . . .· . .
Trees bein" removed on north. road on east. trees on I y WE ST. Nav al au stat10n, 1 ding1ble hangar 12~9 by
south; low"land on ,vest; altit~de, 300 feet; supplies I 2_50 by 72 feet. No landing fi.elds have been estab-available
· marked with cross· no accommodations on I hshed at Key West. There ate two or three cleared
field. F~r further information address chamber of spots 5 miles north of this island and this land is partly
commerce. boggy. For further information communicate with
DELAND.- Emergency field; about 200 by 1,000 feet. I Aeromarine Airways (Inc.).
Fairly smooth; drainage good; field runs north and I XISSIMMEE.-Municipal field ; 1,350 feet east ~nd west;
south; house at south end; fence at north end; trees
1
525 feet on west end, 850 fee_t on east end; 1 nnle nor:h-at
west side; no supplies except oil; three blocks east of town. Large cross m center of field; supplies
southeast of business section; altitu~e, 50 feet. . I on field ;_ trees on north; open prairie _on east; tele-
Emergency field ; 40 acres; oblong rn shape; runnmg phone wue on south; open on west; altitude, 64 feet.
north and south; level; fair drainage; 2 miles north- For further information communicate with cham-east
of town; supplies available; altitude, 40 feet. ber of commerce. Population, 6,000 winter, 4,500
EUSTIS.- Emergency field; not marked; 120 miles north summer.
of Arcadia. Supplies available in town. LA BELLE.- Emergency field; owner unknown; 2,000
FERNANDINA.-Good landing for seaplanes; unpro- feet square; li miles north of town. Open cattle
tected anchorage near mud fiats opposite city; pro- pasture; level; smooth; well drained; surrounding
tected anchorage in creek south of city. Gas and oil country open prairie, except a few clumps of trees;
at docks. 6 to 8 foot tide; no landing for land planes. supplies available. Population, 240. For further in-
FORT MEADE.-Emergency field; marked by a cross; formation communicate with the mayor.
40 miles north of Arcadia. Supplies available; east :LAKE CITY.-Temporary field; 3,000 feet square; 3
of city; 1 mile by 650 feet; surrounded by trees. miles west of city at